Exposure of Chlamys farreri to tetrabromobisphenol A: accumulation and multibiomarker responses.

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is currently the most widely used brominated flame retardant (BFR). To date, the toxic effects of TBBPA remains poorly understood in aquatic organisms, especially in bivalves. The objective of this experiment was to examine bioaccumulation and multibiomarker responses in the scallop Chlamys farreri exposed to TBBPA under laboratory conditions. The results showed that TBBPA was rapidly accumulated in and then eliminated from the gill and digestive gland of the scallops. TBBPA exposure invoked alterations in the detoxification system and induced oxidant stress and biomacromolecule damages in the gill and digestive gland of C. farreri. Additionally, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity, lipid peroxidation (LPO) level, cytochrome b5 (Cyt b5) content, and DNA strand break had good correlations with TBBPA accumulation levels in the gill and digestive gland of C. farreri. Summarizing, these results enabled us to hypothesize several toxic mechanisms of TBBPA and select potential biomarkers for TBBPA pollution monitoring.