Minseob Eom1, Kelly L Hudkins, Charles E Alpers. 1. aDepartment of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA bDepartment of Pathology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Foam cells in human glomeruli can be encountered in various renal diseases including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and diabetic nephropathy. Although foam cells are key participants in atherosclerosis, surprisingly little is known about their pathogenicity in the kidney. We review our understanding (or lack thereof) of foam cells in the kidney, as well as insights gained in studies of foam cells and macrophages involved in atherosclerosis to suggest areas of investigation that will allow better characterization of the role of these cells in renal disease. RECENT FINDINGS: There is a general dearth of animal models of disease with renal foam cell accumulation, limiting progress in our understanding of the pathobiology of these cells. Recent genetic modifications of hyperlipidemic mice have resulted in some new disease models with renal foam cell accumulation. Recent studies have challenged older paradigms by findings that indicate that many tissue macrophages are derived from cells permanently residing in the tissue from birth rather than circulating monocytes. SUMMARY: Renal foam cells remain an enigma. Extrapolating from studies of atherosclerosis suggests that therapeutics targeting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, or modulating cholesterol and lipoprotein uptake or egress from these cells, may prove beneficial for kidney diseases in which foam cells are present.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Foam cells in human glomeruli can be encountered in various renal diseases including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and diabetic nephropathy. Although foam cells are key participants in atherosclerosis, surprisingly little is known about their pathogenicity in the kidney. We review our understanding (or lack thereof) of foam cells in the kidney, as well as insights gained in studies of foam cells and macrophages involved in atherosclerosis to suggest areas of investigation that will allow better characterization of the role of these cells in renal disease. RECENT FINDINGS: There is a general dearth of animal models of disease with renal foam cell accumulation, limiting progress in our understanding of the pathobiology of these cells. Recent genetic modifications of hyperlipidemic mice have resulted in some new disease models with renal foam cell accumulation. Recent studies have challenged older paradigms by findings that indicate that many tissue macrophages are derived from cells permanently residing in the tissue from birth rather than circulating monocytes. SUMMARY: Renal foam cells remain an enigma. Extrapolating from studies of atherosclerosis suggests that therapeutics targeting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, or modulating cholesterol and lipoprotein uptake or egress from these cells, may prove beneficial for kidney diseases in which foam cells are present.
Authors: Xiaoxin X Wang; Tao Jiang; Yan Shen; Yupanqui Caldas; Shinobu Miyazaki-Anzai; Hannah Santamaria; Cydney Urbanek; Nathaniel Solis; Pnina Scherzer; Linda Lewis; Frank J Gonzalez; Luciano Adorini; Mark Pruzanski; Jeffrey B Kopp; Jill W Verlander; Moshe Levi Journal: Diabetes Date: 2010-08-10 Impact factor: 9.461
Authors: Maryam Afkarian; Michael C Sachs; Bryan Kestenbaum; Irl B Hirsch; Katherine R Tuttle; Jonathan Himmelfarb; Ian H de Boer Journal: J Am Soc Nephrol Date: 2013-01-29 Impact factor: 10.121
Authors: David J Kennedy; Yiliang Chen; Wenxin Huang; Jamie Viterna; Jiang Liu; Kristen Westfall; Jian Tian; David J Bartlett; W H Wilson Tang; Zijian Xie; Joseph I Shapiro; Roy L Silverstein Journal: Hypertension Date: 2012-11-19 Impact factor: 10.190
Authors: Frank C Brosius; Charles E Alpers; Erwin P Bottinger; Matthew D Breyer; Thomas M Coffman; Susan B Gurley; Raymond C Harris; Masao Kakoki; Matthias Kretzler; Edward H Leiter; Moshe Levi; Richard A McIndoe; Kumar Sharma; Oliver Smithies; Katalin Susztak; Nobuyuki Takahashi; Takamune Takahashi Journal: J Am Soc Nephrol Date: 2009-09-03 Impact factor: 10.121
Authors: Rebecca A Kohnken; Hayley Amerman; Cathy A Brown; Eva Furrow; George E Lees; Rachel E Cianciolo Journal: Vet Pathol Date: 2017-06-05 Impact factor: 2.221
Authors: Jarcy Zee; Qian Liu; Abigail R Smith; Jeffrey B Hodgin; Avi Rosenberg; Brenda W Gillespie; Lawrence B Holzman; Laura Barisoni; Laura H Mariani Journal: J Am Soc Nephrol Date: 2022-05-17 Impact factor: 14.978