Eva Polverino1, Catia Cilloniz1, Rosario Menendez2, Albert Gabarrus1, Edmundo Rosales-Mayor1, Victoria Alcaraz1, Silvia Terraneo3, Jordi Puig de la Bella Casa4, Josep Mensa5, Miquel Ferrer1, Antoni Torres6. 1. Department of Pneumology, Institut Clinic del Tórax, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain. 2. Department of Pneumology, Hospital La Fe Valencia, Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain. 3. Respiratory Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. 4. Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain. 5. Department of Infectious Disease, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain. 6. Department of Pneumology, Institut Clinic del Tórax, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain. Electronic address: atorres@clinic.ub.es.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: It is general belief that Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) is characterized by frequent community-acquired pneumonia. Nonetheless, the knowledge on clinical characteristics of CAP in NCFBE is poor and no specific recommendations are available. We aim to investigate clinical and microbiological characteristics of NCFBE patients with CAP. METHODS: Prospective observational study of 3495 CAP patients (2000-2011). RESULTS: We found 90 (2.0%) NCFBE-CAP that in comparison with non-bronchiectatic CAP (n, 3405) showed older age (mean ± [SD], NCFBE-CAP 73 ± 14 vs. CAP 65 ± 19yrs), more vaccinations (pneumococcal: 35% vs. 14%; influenza: 60% vs. 42%), comorbidities (n ≥ 2: 43% vs. 25%), previous antibiotics (38% vs. 22%), and inhaled steroids (53% vs. 16%) (p < 0.05 each). Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most frequent isolate in both groups (NCFBE-CAP 44.4% vs. CAP 42.7%; p = 0.821) followed by respiratory virus, mixed infections and atypical bacteria. Considering overall frequencies of the main pathogens (including monomicrobial and mixed infections) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.5% vs. 2.9%; p < 0.001) and Enterobacteriaceae (8.8% vs. 2.4%; p = 0.025) were more prevalent in NCFBE-CAP patients than in CAP. Despite these clinical and microbiological differences, NCFBE-CAP showed similar outcomes to CAP patients (mortality, length of hospital stay, etc.). CONCLUSIONS: NCFBE-CAP patients are usually older and have more comorbidities but similar outcomes than general CAP population. Usual CAP pathogens, such as S. pneumoniae, are also involved in NCFBE-CAP but P. aeruginosa and other Enterobacteriaceae were globally more frequent than in CAP. Therefore, a wide microbiological investigation should be recommended in all NCFBE-CAP cases as well as routine pneumococcal vaccination for prevention of pneumonia.
BACKGROUND: It is general belief that Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) is characterized by frequent community-acquired pneumonia. Nonetheless, the knowledge on clinical characteristics of CAP in NCFBE is poor and no specific recommendations are available. We aim to investigate clinical and microbiological characteristics of NCFBE patients with CAP. METHODS: Prospective observational study of 3495 CAP patients (2000-2011). RESULTS: We found 90 (2.0%) NCFBE-CAP that in comparison with non-bronchiectatic CAP (n, 3405) showed older age (mean ± [SD], NCFBE-CAP 73 ± 14 vs. CAP 65 ± 19yrs), more vaccinations (pneumococcal: 35% vs. 14%; influenza: 60% vs. 42%), comorbidities (n ≥ 2: 43% vs. 25%), previous antibiotics (38% vs. 22%), and inhaled steroids (53% vs. 16%) (p < 0.05 each). Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most frequent isolate in both groups (NCFBE-CAP 44.4% vs. CAP 42.7%; p = 0.821) followed by respiratory virus, mixed infections and atypical bacteria. Considering overall frequencies of the main pathogens (including monomicrobial and mixed infections) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.5% vs. 2.9%; p < 0.001) and Enterobacteriaceae (8.8% vs. 2.4%; p = 0.025) were more prevalent in NCFBE-CAP patients than in CAP. Despite these clinical and microbiological differences, NCFBE-CAP showed similar outcomes to CAP patients (mortality, length of hospital stay, etc.). CONCLUSIONS: NCFBE-CAP patients are usually older and have more comorbidities but similar outcomes than general CAP population. Usual CAP pathogens, such as S. pneumoniae, are also involved in NCFBE-CAP but P. aeruginosa and other Enterobacteriaceae were globally more frequent than in CAP. Therefore, a wide microbiological investigation should be recommended in all NCFBE-CAP cases as well as routine pneumococcal vaccination for prevention of pneumonia.
Authors: Christopher R Frei; Sylvie Rehani; Grace C Lee; Natalie K Boyd; Erene Attia; Ashley Pechal; Rachel S Britt; Eric M Mortensen Journal: Pharmacotherapy Date: 2017-02-03 Impact factor: 4.705
Authors: Edmundo Rosales-Mayor; Eva Polverino; Laura Raguer; Victoria Alcaraz; Albert Gabarrus; Otavio Ranzani; Rosario Menendez; Antoni Torres Journal: PLoS One Date: 2017-04-06 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Mônica Corso Pereira; Rodrigo Abensur Athanazio; Paulo de Tarso Roth Dalcin; Mara Rúbia Fernandes de Figueiredo; Mauro Gomes; Clarice Guimarães de Freitas; Fernando Ludgren; Ilma Aparecida Paschoal; Samia Zahi Rached; Rosemeri Maurici Journal: J Bras Pneumol Date: 2019-08-12 Impact factor: 2.624
Authors: Joshua P Metlay; Grant W Waterer; Ann C Long; Antonio Anzueto; Jan Brozek; Kristina Crothers; Laura A Cooley; Nathan C Dean; Michael J Fine; Scott A Flanders; Marie R Griffin; Mark L Metersky; Daniel M Musher; Marcos I Restrepo; Cynthia G Whitney Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2019-10-01 Impact factor: 21.405