[Primary neuroendocrine tumor of the kidney. A rarity].

This article presents a rare case of a primary neuroendocrine tumor (NET) of the kidney. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in a 56-year-old man during the follow-up of an adrenal adenoma. Incidentally a renal tumor at the upper pole of the left kidney was diagnosed and was suspected of being a renal cell carcinoma. After partial nephrectomy a NET measuring 4.2 cm in diameter could be diagnosed histologically. An extrarenal primary tumor was ruled out by a postoperative gallium 68-tetraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid-octreotate (68Ga-DOTATATE) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan. A primary NET of the genitourinary tract is rare and less than 100 cases have been reported in the medical literature.