Anne Marie Trauelsen1, Sarah Bendall2, Jens Einar Jansen3, Hanne-Grethe Lyse Nielsen4, Marlene Buch Pedersen4, Christopher Høier Trier5, Ulrik H Haahr4, Erik Simonsen6. 1. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand Psychiatry Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark; Early Psychosis Intervention Center, Region Zealand Psychiatry Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark. Electronic address: marietrauelsen@gmail.com. 2. Centre for Youth Mental Health,The University of Melbourne, Australia; Orygen: The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Australia. 3. Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand Psychiatry Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark. 4. Early Psychosis Intervention Center, Region Zealand Psychiatry Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark. 5. Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. 6. Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand Psychiatry Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Reviews conclude that childhood and adolescence sexual, physical, emotional abuse and emotional and physical neglect are all risk factors for psychosis. However, studies suggest only some adversities are associated with psychosis. Dose-response effects of several adversities on risk of psychosis have not been consistently found. The current study aimed to explore adversity specificity and dose-response effects of adversities on risk of psychosis. METHOD: Participants were 101 persons with first-episode psychosis (FEP) diagnosed with ICD-10 F20 - F29 (except F21) and 101 non-clinical control persons matched by gender, age and parents' socio-economic status. Assessment included the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and parts of the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire. RESULTS: Eighty-nine percent of the FEP group reported one or more adversities compared to 37% of the control group. Childhood and adolescent sexual, physical, emotional abuse, and physical and emotional neglect, separation and institutionalization were about four to 17 times higher for the FEP group (all p<0.01). The risk of psychosis increased two and a half times for each additional adversity. All associations between specific adversities and psychosis decreased when they were adjusted for other adversities. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that there is a large shared effect of adversities on the risk of psychosis. Contrary to the call for further research into specific adversities, we suggest a search for mechanisms in the shared effects of traumatization. Clinical implications are thorough assessment of adversities and their possible effects.
BACKGROUND: Reviews conclude that childhood and adolescence sexual, physical, emotional abuse and emotional and physical neglect are all risk factors for psychosis. However, studies suggest only some adversities are associated with psychosis. Dose-response effects of several adversities on risk of psychosis have not been consistently found. The current study aimed to explore adversity specificity and dose-response effects of adversities on risk of psychosis. METHOD:Participants were 101 persons with first-episode psychosis (FEP) diagnosed with ICD-10 F20 - F29 (except F21) and 101 non-clinical control persons matched by gender, age and parents' socio-economic status. Assessment included the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and parts of the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire. RESULTS: Eighty-nine percent of the FEP group reported one or more adversities compared to 37% of the control group. Childhood and adolescent sexual, physical, emotional abuse, and physical and emotional neglect, separation and institutionalization were about four to 17 times higher for the FEP group (all p<0.01). The risk of psychosis increased two and a half times for each additional adversity. All associations between specific adversities and psychosis decreased when they were adjusted for other adversities. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that there is a large shared effect of adversities on the risk of psychosis. Contrary to the call for further research into specific adversities, we suggest a search for mechanisms in the shared effects of traumatization. Clinical implications are thorough assessment of adversities and their possible effects.
Authors: Thomas Bailey; Mario Alvarez-Jimenez; Ana M Garcia-Sanchez; Carol Hulbert; Emma Barlow; Sarah Bendall Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 2018-08-20 Impact factor: 9.306
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Authors: Megan S Farris; Amy Braun; Lu Liu; Carrie E Bearden; Kristin S Cadenhead; Barbara A Cornblatt; Matcheri Keshavan; Daniel H Mathalon; Thomas H McGlashan; Diana O Perkins; William S Stone; Ming T Tsuang; Elaine F Walker; Scott W Woods; Tyrone D Cannon; Jean Addington Journal: Early Interv Psychiatry Date: 2022-02-13 Impact factor: 2.721