Editorial on the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR) guideline on clinical indications for CT colonography in the colorectal cancer diagnosis.

European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE)-European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR) guideline was generated jointly by a team of researchers, including gastrointestinal radiologists and endoscopists, and represents the first full collaborative effort between the two specialties after years of turf battles involving CT colonography (CTC) and colonoscopy (CS). This guideline has a main educational purpose and it represents the attempt to find a consensus about the use of CTC in clinical practice based on the best current available evidence. Thus, it should not be considered as rules for establishing a legal standard of care. Main recommendations include the use of CTC as the radiological examination of choice for the diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia, the use of CTC in the case of incomplete CS, and the possible use of CTC as an acceptable and equally sensitive alternative for patients with symptoms suggestive of colorectal cancer (CRC), when CS is contraindicated or not possible. ESGE-ESGAR guideline does not recommend CTC for population screening, but considers that CTC may be proposed as a CRC screening test on an individual basis (opportunistic screening) provided the screenee is adequately informed about test characteristics, benefits and risks. With regard to patient management, referral for endoscopic polypectomy in patients with at least one polyp ≥ 6 mm in diameter detected at CTC is recommended, considering surveillance only in case polyp removal is not possible. Knowledge about CTC is in continuous evolution and this means that a revision might be necessary in the future as new data appear.