Michel Boulvain1, Marie-Victoire Senat2, Franck Perrotin3, Norbert Winer4, Gael Beucher5, Damien Subtil6, Florence Bretelle7, Elie Azria8, Dominique Hejaiej9, Françoise Vendittelli10, Marianne Capelle11, Bruno Langer12, Richard Matis13, Laure Connan14, Philippe Gillard15, Christine Kirkpatrick16, Gilles Ceysens17, Gilles Faron18, Olivier Irion19, Patrick Rozenberg20. 1. Département de Gynécologie et d'Obstétrique, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: michel.boulvain@hcuge.ch. 2. Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, APHP, Hôpital Bicêtre, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Université Paris Sud, Faculté de Medecine, Orsay, Paris, France. 3. Pôle de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Bretonneau, CHRU Tours, Tours, France. 4. Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Mère-Enfant, Nantes, France. 5. Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction, CHU de Caen, Caen, France. 6. Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille, France. 7. Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France. 8. Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France. 9. Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Centre Hospitalier Régional, Annecy, France. 10. Pôle de Gynécologie-Obstétrique et Reproduction Humaine, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France. 11. Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital de La Conception, Marseille, France. 12. Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France. 13. Groupe Hospitalier de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, Lille, France. 14. Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Paul de Viguier, Toulouse, France. 15. Pôle de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Hôtel Dieu, Angers, France. 16. Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Erasme, Bruxelles, Belgium. 17. Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Erasme, Bruxelles, Belgium; Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Mons, Belgium. 18. Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Brugmann, Bruxelles, Belgium. 19. Département de Gynécologie et d'Obstétrique, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 20. Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Poissy Saint-Germain, Université Versailles- St Quentin, France.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Macrosomic fetuses are at increased risk of shoulder dystocia. We aimed to compare induction of labour with expectant management for large-for-date fetuses for prevention of shoulder dystocia and other neonatal and maternal morbidity associated with macrosomia. METHODS: We did this pragmatic, randomised controlled trial between Oct 1, 2002, and Jan 1, 2009, in 19 tertiary-care centres in France, Switzerland, and Belgium. Women with singleton fetuses whose estimated weight exceeded the 95th percentile, were randomly assigned (1:1), via computer-generated permuted-block randomisation (block size of four to eight) to receive induction of labour within 3 days between 37(+0) weeks and 38(+6) weeks of gestation, or expectant management. Randomisation was stratified by centre. Participants and caregivers were not masked to group assignment. Our primary outcome was a composite of clinically significant shoulder dystocia, fracture of the clavicle, brachial plexus injury, intracranial haemorrhage, or death. We did analyses by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00190320. FINDINGS: We randomly assigned 409 women to the induction group and 413 women to the expectant management group, of whom 407 women and 411 women, respectively, were included in the final analysis. Mean birthweight was 3831 g (SD 324) in the induction group and 4118 g (392) in the expectant group. Induction of labour significantly reduced the risk of shoulder dystocia or associated morbidity (n=8) compared with expectant management (n=25; relative risk [RR] 0·32, 95% CI 0·15-0·71; p=0·004). We recorded no brachial plexus injuries, intracranial haemorrhages, or perinatal deaths. The likelihood of spontaneous vaginal delivery was higher in women in the induction group than in those in the expectant management group (RR 1·14, 95% CI 1·01-1·29). Caesarean delivery and neonatal morbidity did not differ significantly between the groups. INTERPRETATION: Induction of labour for suspected large-for-date fetuses is associated with a reduced risk of shoulder dystocia and associated morbidity compared with expectant management. Induction of labour does not increase the risk of caesarean delivery and improves the likelihood of spontaneous vaginal delivery. These benefits should be balanced with the effects of early-term induction of labour. FUNDING: Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris and the University of Geneva.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Macrosomic fetuses are at increased risk of shoulder dystocia. We aimed to compare induction of labour with expectant management for large-for-date fetuses for prevention of shoulder dystocia and other neonatal and maternal morbidity associated with macrosomia. METHODS: We did this pragmatic, randomised controlled trial between Oct 1, 2002, and Jan 1, 2009, in 19 tertiary-care centres in France, Switzerland, and Belgium. Women with singleton fetuses whose estimated weight exceeded the 95th percentile, were randomly assigned (1:1), via computer-generated permuted-block randomisation (block size of four to eight) to receive induction of labour within 3 days between 37(+0) weeks and 38(+6) weeks of gestation, or expectant management. Randomisation was stratified by centre. Participants and caregivers were not masked to group assignment. Our primary outcome was a composite of clinically significant shoulder dystocia, fracture of the clavicle, brachial plexus injury, intracranial haemorrhage, or death. We did analyses by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00190320. FINDINGS: We randomly assigned 409 women to the induction group and 413 women to the expectant management group, of whom 407 women and 411 women, respectively, were included in the final analysis. Mean birthweight was 3831 g (SD 324) in the induction group and 4118 g (392) in the expectant group. Induction of labour significantly reduced the risk of shoulder dystocia or associated morbidity (n=8) compared with expectant management (n=25; relative risk [RR] 0·32, 95% CI 0·15-0·71; p=0·004). We recorded no brachial plexus injuries, intracranial haemorrhages, or perinatal deaths. The likelihood of spontaneous vaginal delivery was higher in women in the induction group than in those in the expectant management group (RR 1·14, 95% CI 1·01-1·29). Caesarean delivery and neonatal morbidity did not differ significantly between the groups. INTERPRETATION: Induction of labour for suspected large-for-date fetuses is associated with a reduced risk of shoulder dystocia and associated morbidity compared with expectant management. Induction of labour does not increase the risk of caesarean delivery and improves the likelihood of spontaneous vaginal delivery. These benefits should be balanced with the effects of early-term induction of labour. FUNDING: Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris and the University of Geneva.
Authors: Gordon Cs Smith; Alexandros A Moraitis; David Wastlund; Jim G Thornton; Aris Papageorghiou; Julia Sanders; Alexander Ep Heazell; Stephen C Robson; Ulla Sovio; Peter Brocklehurst; Edward Cf Wilson Journal: Health Technol Assess Date: 2021-02 Impact factor: 4.014
Authors: Suneet P Chauhan; Madeline Murguia Rice; William A Grobman; Jennifer Bailit; Uma M Reddy; Ronald J Wapner; Michael W Varner; John M Thorp; Kenneth J Leveno; Steve N Caritis; Mona Prasad; Alan T N Tita; George Saade; Yoram Sorokin; Dwight J Rouse; Jorge E Tolosa Journal: Obstet Gynecol Date: 2017-09 Impact factor: 7.661
Authors: Suneet P Chauhan; Madeline Murguia Rice; William A Grobman; Jennifer Bailit; Uma M Reddy; Ronald J Wapner; Michael W Varner; John M Thorp; Steve N Caritis; Mona Prasad; Alan T N Tita; George R Saade; Yoram Sorokin; Dwight J Rouse; Jorge E Tolosa Journal: Obstet Gynecol Date: 2020-09 Impact factor: 7.623