Primary structure of the silk fibroin light chain determined by cDNA sequencing and peptide analysis.

A cDNA clone, pFL18, carrying a putative full-length fibroin light chain (L-chain) sequence was isolated and its nucleotide sequence was determined. This revealed the presence of an open reading frame corresponding to a polypeptide with 262 amino acid residues. The sequence was concluded to be that of the L-chain with its signal peptide because corresponding amino acid sequences for the seven tryptic and the four chymotryptic peptides from the purified L-chain were all included and an N-terminal region having typical properties of a signal peptide was present. The N terminus of the mature form of L-chain was identified as N-acetyl serine by analyzing the acyl-dansylhydrazide derived from the N-acyl-amino acid which had been released from the N-terminal blocked chymotryptic peptide by the acylamino acid-releasing enzyme. It was suggested that a signal peptide had cleaved between Pro18 and Ser19, yielding a mature L-chain polypeptide consisting of 244 amino acid residues. The molecular weight of the L-chain was calculated to be 25,800 including the N-acetyl group. The L-chain contained three Cys residues, two of which were suggested to form an intramolecular disulfide linkage, leaving the third one at the most C-terminal position and in a relatively hydrophilic region as the most probable site of disulfide linkage with the fibroin heavy chain.