Two more species of Chlamydia-does it make a difference?

The recent description of Chlamydia (C.) avium and C. gallinacea as new species of the reunited genus Chlamydia can be expected to have implications on the perception of avian chlamydiosis. We discuss possible effects on epidemiology, diagnosis and our understanding of aetiopathogenesis resulting from this discovery. © FEMS 2014. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.