Fakir M Amirul Islam1,2, Rahul Chakrabarti3,2, M Tauhidul Islam2, Mohammad Wahab2, Ecosse Lamoureux3,4,5, Robert P Finger3, Jonathan E Shaw6. 1. Department of Statistics, Data Science and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 2. Organisation for Rural Community Development (ORCD), Dariapur, Bangladesh. 3. Center for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 4. Duke-National University of Singapore, Graduate Medical School. 5. Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore. 6. Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of prediabetes and diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) in rural Bangladesh. METHODS: Using a population-based cluster random sampling strategy, 3104 adults aged ≥30 years were recruited. Fasting capillary blood glucose, blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference, and knowledge, attitudes, and practice related to diabetes were recorded. Diabetes was defined as fasting glucose (FG) ≥7.0 mmol/L or a self-reported diagnosis of diabetes; impaired FG (IFG) was defined as FG ≥ 6.1 and <7.0 mmol/L. RESULTS: The overall crude prevalence of DM was 7.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.3%-8.1%; n = 222), of which 55% (n = 123) was previously undiagnosed (UDM). The prevalence of IFG was 5.3% (95% CI 4.5%-6.1%; n = 163). The age-standardized prevalence of DM and IFG was 6.6% and 5.0%, respectively. The prevalence of UDM was higher in people of lower socioeconomic status (59% vs. 31%; P < 0.001). Of those with known DM, 56% had poor glycemic control (FG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L) and 37% were not on medication. Overall knowledge of DM was poor; only 16.3%, 17.8%, and 13.4% of those with UDM, IFG, and normal FG knew that diabetes causes eye disease, compared with 55.6% of those with known DM (Ptrend < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In this rural Bangladeshi community, UDM was high. Lower socioeconomic status was associated with a higher risk of UDM. Overall knowledge of DM was poor. Public health programmes should target those of low socioeconomic status and aim to increase knowledge of DM in rural Bangladesh.
BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of prediabetes and diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) in rural Bangladesh. METHODS: Using a population-based cluster random sampling strategy, 3104 adults aged ≥30 years were recruited. Fasting capillary blood glucose, blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference, and knowledge, attitudes, and practice related to diabetes were recorded. Diabetes was defined as fasting glucose (FG) ≥7.0 mmol/L or a self-reported diagnosis of diabetes; impaired FG (IFG) was defined as FG ≥ 6.1 and <7.0 mmol/L. RESULTS: The overall crude prevalence of DM was 7.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.3%-8.1%; n = 222), of which 55% (n = 123) was previously undiagnosed (UDM). The prevalence of IFG was 5.3% (95% CI 4.5%-6.1%; n = 163). The age-standardized prevalence of DM and IFG was 6.6% and 5.0%, respectively. The prevalence of UDM was higher in people of lower socioeconomic status (59% vs. 31%; P < 0.001). Of those with known DM, 56% had poor glycemic control (FG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L) and 37% were not on medication. Overall knowledge of DM was poor; only 16.3%, 17.8%, and 13.4% of those with UDM, IFG, and normal FG knew that diabetes causes eye disease, compared with 55.6% of those with known DM (Ptrend < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In this rural Bangladeshi community, UDM was high. Lower socioeconomic status was associated with a higher risk of UDM. Overall knowledge of DM was poor. Public health programmes should target those of low socioeconomic status and aim to increase knowledge of DM in rural Bangladesh.
Authors: Kevin Phan; Paul Mitchell; Gerald Liew; Adam J Plant; Sarah B Wang; Joshua Xu; Joseph Chiha; Aravinda Thiagalingam; George Burlutsky; Bamini Gopinath Journal: J Thorac Dis Date: 2016-07 Impact factor: 2.895
Authors: Fakir M Amirul Islam; Rahul Chakrabarti; Silvia Z Islam; Robert P Finger; Christine Critchley Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-07-22 Impact factor: 3.240
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Authors: Gabriel M Knight; Gabriela Spencer-Bonilla; David M Maahs; Manuel R Blum; Areli Valencia; Bongeka Z Zuma; Priya Prahalad; Ashish Sarraju; Fatima Rodriguez; David Scheinker Journal: BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care Date: 2020-11