Marwan N Sabbagh1, Kewei Chen2, Joseph Rogers3, Adam S Fleisher4, Carolyn Liebsack5, Dan Bandy4, Christine Belden5, Hillary Protas4, Pradeep Thiyyagura4, Xiaofen Liu4, Auttawut Roontiva4, Ji Luo4, Sandra Jacobson5, Michael Malek-Ahmadi5, Jessica Powell5, Eric M Reiman6. 1. Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA. Electronic address: marwan.sabbagh@bannerhealth.com. 2. Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA. 3. SRI International, Palo Alto, CA, USA. 4. Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA. 5. Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA. 6. Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Down syndrome (DS) is associated with amyloid b (Ab) deposition. METHODS: We characterized imaging measurements of regional fibrillar Ab burden, cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (rCMRgl), gray matter volumes (rGMVs), and age associations in 5 DS with dementia (DS/AD1), 12 DS without dementia (DS/AD2), and 9 normal controls (NCs). RESULTS: There were significant group differences in mean standard uptake value ratios (SUVRs) for florbetapir with DS/AD1 having the highest, followed by DS/AD2, followed by NC. For [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, posterior cingulate rCMRgl in DS/AD1 was significantly reduced compared with DS/AD2 and NC. For volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (vMRI), hippocampal volumes were significantly reduced for the DS/AD1 compared with DS/AD2 and NC. Age-related SUVR increases and rCMRgl reductions were greater in DS participants than in NCs. DISCUSSION: DS is associated with fibrillar Ab, rCMRgl, and rGMV alterations in the dementia stage and before the presence of clinical decline. This study provides a foundation for the studies needed to inform treatment and prevention in DS.
INTRODUCTION: Down syndrome (DS) is associated with amyloid b (Ab) deposition. METHODS: We characterized imaging measurements of regional fibrillar Ab burden, cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (rCMRgl), gray matter volumes (rGMVs), and age associations in 5 DS with dementia (DS/AD1), 12 DS without dementia (DS/AD2), and 9 normal controls (NCs). RESULTS: There were significant group differences in mean standard uptake value ratios (SUVRs) for florbetapir with DS/AD1 having the highest, followed by DS/AD2, followed by NC. For [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, posterior cingulate rCMRgl in DS/AD1 was significantly reduced compared with DS/AD2 and NC. For volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (vMRI), hippocampal volumes were significantly reduced for the DS/AD1 compared with DS/AD2 and NC. Age-related SUVR increases and rCMRgl reductions were greater in DS participants than in NCs. DISCUSSION: DS is associated with fibrillar Ab, rCMRgl, and rGMV alterations in the dementia stage and before the presence of clinical decline. This study provides a foundation for the studies needed to inform treatment and prevention in DS.
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