DNA fingerprinting of spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar-Kyoto rats: implications for hypertension research.

Probes to hypervariable minisatellite regions of DNA identify multiple loci scattered over the autosomal chromosomes and produce a complex Southern blot pattern of fragments termed a DNA 'fingerprint'. As concern has been raised that different stocks of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) may not be biologically identical, we have compared the DNA of SHR and WKY from several sources using two such probes which identify different sets of minisatellite sequences. While the DNA fingerprints of SHR from the various sources were identical, variability was observed in those of WKY, indicating genetic heterogeneity between different WKY stocks. In animals from one of the commercial suppliers even inter-rat variability in DNA fingerprints was seen, suggesting genetic heterogeneity within that single colony. These observations indicate that experimental results obtained using WKY from different sources may not be directly comparable and could provide an explanation for some of the conflicting data that exist on the comparative characteristics of SHR and WKY. In separate studies, direct comparisons both of the DNA fingerprints of SHR and WKY and of SHR and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) showed multiple differences between the strains. The polymorphisms seen could provide useful linkage markers in locating the chromosomal sites of the genetic loci responsible for raised blood pressure in the SHR and the propensity to strokes in the SHRSP.