Color-tunable electroluminescence from Eu-doped TiO(2)/p(+)-Si heterostructured devices: engineering of energy transfer.

We report on color-tunable electroluminescence (EL) from TiO(2):Eu/p(+)-Si heterostructured devices using different TiO(2):Eu films in terms of Eu content and annealing temperature. It is found that the Eu-related emissions are activated by the energy transferred from TiO(2) host via oxygen vacancies, at the price of weakened oxygen-vacancy-related emissions. Both the higher Eu content and the higher annealing temperature for TiO(2):Eu films facilitate the aforementioned energy transfer. In this context, the dominant EL from the TiO(2):Eu/p(+)-Si heterostructured devices can be transformed from oxygen-vacancy-related emissions into Eu-related emissions with increasing Eu-content and annealing temperature for TiO(2):Eu films, exhibiting different colors of emanated light. We believe that this work sheds light on developing silicon-based red emitters using the Eu-doped oxide semiconductor films.