Jean-Marc Schwarz1, Susan M Noworolski1, Michael J Wen1, Artem Dyachenko1, Jessica L Prior1, Melissa E Weinberg1, Laurie A Herraiz1, Viva W Tai1, Nathalie Bergeron1, Thomas P Bersot1, Madhu N Rao1, Morris Schambelan1, Kathleen Mulligan1. 1. Touro University (J.M.S., A.D., J.L.P., N.B.), Vallejo, California 94594; Department of Medicine (J.M.S., M.E.W., T.P.B., M.N.R., M.S., K.M.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143; Division of Endocrinology (J.M.S., M.J.W., M.E.W., V.W.T., M.N.R., M.S., K.M.), San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California 94110; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (S.M.N.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143; UCSF Clinical and Translational Science Institute Clinical Research Center (L.A.H., V.W.T.), San Francisco, California 94143; and The Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (T.P.B.), San Francisco, California 94158.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Consumption of high-fructose diets promotes hepatic fatty acid synthesis (de novo lipogenesis [DNL]) and an atherogenic lipid profile. It is unclear whether these effects occur independent of positive energy balance and weight gain. OBJECTIVES: We compared the effects of a high-fructose, (25% of energy content) weight-maintaining diet to those of an isocaloric diet with the same macronutrient distribution but in which complex carbohydrate (CCHO) was substituted for fructose. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Eight healthy men were studied as inpatients for consecutive 9-day periods. Stable isotope tracers were used to measure fractional hepatic DNL and endogenous glucose production (EGP) and its suppression during a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Liver fat was measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. RESULTS: Weight remained stable. Regardless of the order in which the diets were fed, the high-fructose diet was associated with both higher DNL (average, 18.6 ± 1.4% vs 11.0 ± 1.4% for CCHO; P = .001) and higher liver fat (median, +137% of CCHO; P = .016) in all participants. Fasting EGP and insulin-mediated glucose disposal did not differ significantly, but EGP during hyperinsulinemia was greater (0.60 ± 0.07 vs 0.46 ± 0.06 mg/kg/min; P = .013) with the high-fructose diet, suggesting blunted suppression of EGP. CONCLUSION: Short-term high-fructose intake was associated with increased DNL and liver fat in healthy men fed weight-maintaining diets.
CONTEXT: Consumption of high-fructose diets promotes hepatic fatty acid synthesis (de novo lipogenesis [DNL]) and an atherogenic lipid profile. It is unclear whether these effects occur independent of positive energy balance and weight gain. OBJECTIVES: We compared the effects of a high-fructose, (25% of energy content) weight-maintaining diet to those of an isocaloric diet with the same macronutrient distribution but in which complex carbohydrate (CCHO) was substituted for fructose. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Eight healthy men were studied as inpatients for consecutive 9-day periods. Stable isotope tracers were used to measure fractional hepatic DNL and endogenous glucose production (EGP) and its suppression during a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Liver fat was measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. RESULTS: Weight remained stable. Regardless of the order in which the diets were fed, the high-fructose diet was associated with both higher DNL (average, 18.6 ± 1.4% vs 11.0 ± 1.4% for CCHO; P = .001) and higher liver fat (median, +137% of CCHO; P = .016) in all participants. Fasting EGP and insulin-mediated glucose disposal did not differ significantly, but EGP during hyperinsulinemia was greater (0.60 ± 0.07 vs 0.46 ± 0.06 mg/kg/min; P = .013) with the high-fructose diet, suggesting blunted suppression of EGP. CONCLUSION: Short-term high-fructose intake was associated with increased DNL and liver fat in healthy men fed weight-maintaining diets.
Authors: Susan M Noworolski; Phyllis C Tien; Raphael Merriman; Daniel B Vigneron; Aliya Qayyum Journal: Magn Reson Imaging Date: 2008-11-06 Impact factor: 2.546
Authors: Kimber L Stanhope; Jean Marc Schwarz; Nancy L Keim; Steven C Griffen; Andrew A Bremer; James L Graham; Bonnie Hatcher; Chad L Cox; Artem Dyachenko; Wei Zhang; John P McGahan; Anthony Seibert; Ronald M Krauss; Sally Chiu; Ernst J Schaefer; Masumi Ai; Seiko Otokozawa; Katsuyuki Nakajima; Takamitsu Nakano; Carine Beysen; Marc K Hellerstein; Lars Berglund; Peter J Havel Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2009-04-20 Impact factor: 14.808
Authors: Rachel K Johnson; Lawrence J Appel; Michael Brands; Barbara V Howard; Michael Lefevre; Robert H Lustig; Frank Sacks; Lyn M Steffen; Judith Wylie-Rosett Journal: Circulation Date: 2009-08-24 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Jessica N Kuzma; Gail Cromer; Derek K Hagman; Kara L Breymeyer; Christian L Roth; Karen E Foster-Schubert; Sarah E Holte; David S Weigle; Mario Kratz Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2016-06-29 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Thomas Jensen; Manal F Abdelmalek; Shelby Sullivan; Kristen J Nadeau; Melanie Green; Carlos Roncal; Takahiko Nakagawa; Masanari Kuwabara; Yuka Sato; Duk-Hee Kang; Dean R Tolan; Laura G Sanchez-Lozada; Hugo R Rosen; Miguel A Lanaspa; Anna Mae Diehl; Richard J Johnson Journal: J Hepatol Date: 2018-02-02 Impact factor: 25.083
Authors: Esther Winters-van Eekelen; Inge Verkouter; Harry P F Peters; Marjan Alssema; Babette G de Roos; Vera B Schrauwen-Hinderling; Kay H M Roumans; Jan W Schoones; Peter L Zock; Patrick Schrauwen; Frits R Rosendaal; Olaf M Dekkers; Renée de Mutsert Journal: Eur J Clin Nutr Date: 2020-10-22 Impact factor: 4.016
Authors: Samir Softic; Kimber L Stanhope; Jeremie Boucher; Senad Divanovic; Miguel A Lanaspa; Richard J Johnson; C Ronald Kahn Journal: Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci Date: 2020-01-14 Impact factor: 6.250
Authors: Ali Mahzari; Xiao-Yi Zeng; Xiu Zhou; Songpei Li; Jun Xu; Wen Tan; Ross Vlahos; Stephen Robinson; Ji-Ming Ye Journal: Acta Pharmacol Sin Date: 2018-07-06 Impact factor: 6.150
Authors: Mi-Sung Kim; Sarah A Krawczyk; Ludivine Doridot; Alan J Fowler; Jennifer X Wang; Sunia A Trauger; Hye-Lim Noh; Hee Joon Kang; John K Meissen; Matthew Blatnik; Jason K Kim; Michelle Lai; Mark A Herman Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2016-09-26 Impact factor: 14.808