Anne Hublet1, Pernille Bendtsen2, Margreet E de Looze3, Anastasios Fotiou4, Peter Donnelly5, Runar Vilhjalmsson6, Tibor Baska7, Katrin Aasvee8, Iva P Franelic9, Saoirse Nic Gabhainn10, Tom F M ter Bogt3. 1. 1 Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Anne.Hublet@Ugent.be. 2. 2 National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark. 3. 3 Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 4. 4 Epidemiology Unit, University Mental Health Research Institute, Athens, Greece. 5. 5 School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland. 6. 6 Faculty of Nursing, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. 7. 7 Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, Slovak Republic. 8. 8 Chronic Disease Department, The National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia. 9. 9 Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia. 10. 10 Health Promotion Research Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cannabis and tobacco use frequently co-occur. Adolescents who consume both substances experience more respiratory distress and psychosocial problems and are less likely to stop compared with those who use either tobacco or cannabis alone. This study examined time trends in tobacco and cannabis use among 15-year-olds in Europe and North America between 2002 and 2010. METHODS: Twenty-eight countries were included and merged into six regions based on their welfare systems. Adolescents (n = 142 796) were divided in four 'user groups': 'no-users', 'tobacco and cannabis users', 'tobacco-only users' and 'cannabis-only users'. Prevalence rates are reported by study-wave and region. Logistic regressions with study wave as independent variable were used to study trends in the user groups and regions. Interaction effects between time and gender were considered. RESULTS: Overall, tobacco use, and concurrent tobacco and cannabis use decreased by 3 and 3.7%, respectively, but prevalence rates varied by region. Only in North America, an interaction effect between time and gender was found in tobacco and cannabis users. CONCLUSIONS: Although this study demonstrates a decrease in tobacco and cannabis use in most regions, it also shows that the use of both substances is related. Therefore, studying the co-occurring use of tobacco and cannabis is necessary.
BACKGROUND: Cannabis and tobacco use frequently co-occur. Adolescents who consume both substances experience more respiratory distress and psychosocial problems and are less likely to stop compared with those who use either tobacco or cannabis alone. This study examined time trends in tobacco and cannabis use among 15-year-olds in Europe and North America between 2002 and 2010. METHODS: Twenty-eight countries were included and merged into six regions based on their welfare systems. Adolescents (n = 142 796) were divided in four 'user groups': 'no-users', 'tobacco and cannabis users', 'tobacco-only users' and 'cannabis-only users'. Prevalence rates are reported by study-wave and region. Logistic regressions with study wave as independent variable were used to study trends in the user groups and regions. Interaction effects between time and gender were considered. RESULTS: Overall, tobacco use, and concurrent tobacco and cannabis use decreased by 3 and 3.7%, respectively, but prevalence rates varied by region. Only in North America, an interaction effect between time and gender was found in tobacco and cannabis users. CONCLUSIONS: Although this study demonstrates a decrease in tobacco and cannabis use in most regions, it also shows that the use of both substances is related. Therefore, studying the co-occurring use of tobacco and cannabis is necessary.
Authors: Margaretha de Looze; Quinten Raaijmakers; Tom Ter Bogt; Pernille Bendtsen; Tilda Farhat; Mafalda Ferreira; Emmanuelle Godeau; Emmanuel Kuntsche; Michal Molcho; Timo-Kolja Pförtner; Bruce Simons-Morton; Alessio Vieno; Wilma Vollebergh; William Pickett Journal: Eur J Public Health Date: 2015-04 Impact factor: 3.367
Authors: Jacob T Borodovsky; Robert F Krueger; Arpana Agrawal; Basant Elbanna; Margaretha de Looze; Richard A Grucza Journal: J Adolesc Health Date: 2021-04-02 Impact factor: 7.830
Authors: Joanna Mazur; Izabela Tabak; Anna Dzielska; Krzysztof Wąż; Anna Oblacińska Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2016-12-21 Impact factor: 3.390