OBJECTIVE: Data on the health benefits and risks of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) are derived mainly from the use of conjugated equine estrogens. Estradiol-based regimens may have a different risk-benefit profile. We evaluated the risk of death caused by coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, or any disease among users of estradiol-based HT regimens in a nationwide study in Finland. METHODS: A total of 489,105 women who used HT from 1994 to 2009 (3.3 million HT exposure years), as indicated in the nationwide reimbursement register and the national Cause of Death Register, were followed. A total of 28,734 HT users died during follow-up; among the deaths, 3,843 were caused by CHD and 2,464 were caused by stroke. Mortality risk in HT users with varying duration of exposure (≤1 y, >1 to 3 y, >3 to 5 y, >5 to 10 y, or >10 y) was compared with that in an age-matched background population. RESULTS: Risk of CHD death was significantly reduced by 18% to 54% in HT users and was positively related to HT exposure time. Risk of stroke death was also reduced by 18% to 39%, but this reduction was not clearly related to HT exposure time. Risk of all-cause mortality was reduced in HT users by 12% to 38%, almost in linear relationship with duration of exposure. All these risk reductions were comparable in women initiating HT before age 60 years and women initiating HT at age 60 years or older. CONCLUSIONS: In absolute terms, the risk reductions mean 19 fewer CHD deaths and 7 fewer stroke deaths per 1,000 women using any HT for at least 10 years.
OBJECTIVE: Data on the health benefits and risks of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) are derived mainly from the use of conjugated equine estrogens. Estradiol-based regimens may have a different risk-benefit profile. We evaluated the risk of death caused by coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, or any disease among users of estradiol-based HT regimens in a nationwide study in Finland. METHODS: A total of 489,105 women who used HT from 1994 to 2009 (3.3 million HT exposure years), as indicated in the nationwide reimbursement register and the national Cause of Death Register, were followed. A total of 28,734 HT users died during follow-up; among the deaths, 3,843 were caused by CHD and 2,464 were caused by stroke. Mortality risk in HT users with varying duration of exposure (≤1 y, >1 to 3 y, >3 to 5 y, >5 to 10 y, or >10 y) was compared with that in an age-matched background population. RESULTS: Risk of CHD death was significantly reduced by 18% to 54% in HT users and was positively related to HT exposure time. Risk of stroke death was also reduced by 18% to 39%, but this reduction was not clearly related to HT exposure time. Risk of all-cause mortality was reduced in HT users by 12% to 38%, almost in linear relationship with duration of exposure. All these risk reductions were comparable in women initiating HT before age 60 years and women initiating HT at age 60 years or older. CONCLUSIONS: In absolute terms, the risk reductions mean 19 fewer CHD deaths and 7 fewer stroke deaths per 1,000 women using any HT for at least 10 years.
Authors: Sara A Schaufelberger; Marinella Rosselli; Federica Barchiesi; Delbert G Gillespie; Edwin K Jackson; Raghvendra K Dubey Journal: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Date: 2016-01-05 Impact factor: 4.310
Authors: Rabe E Alhurani; C Anwar A Chahal; Ahmed T Ahmed; Essa A Mohamed; Virginia M Miller Journal: Clin Sci (Lond) Date: 2016-07-01 Impact factor: 6.124
Authors: Salvatore Petta; Antonino Tuttolomondo; Cesare Gagliardo; Rita Zafonte; Giuseppe Brancatelli; Daniela Cabibi; Calogero Cammà; Vito Di Marco; Luigi Galvano; Giuseppe La Tona; Anna Licata; Franco Magliozzo; Carlo Maida; Giulio Marchesini; Giovanni Merlino; Massimo Midiri; Gaspare Parrinello; Daniele Torres; Antonio Pinto; Antonio Craxì Journal: Medicine (Baltimore) Date: 2016-04 Impact factor: 1.889
Authors: Arto Y Strandberg; Fabian J Hoti; Timo E Strandberg; Solomon Christopher; Jari Haukka; Pasi Korhonen Journal: PLoS One Date: 2016-03-31 Impact factor: 3.240