Joseph D Ostrem1, Nicholas Evanoff1, Aaron S Kelly2,3, Donald R Dengel1,2. 1. Laboratory of Integrative Human Physiology, School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455. 2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455. 3. Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455.
Abstract
PURPOSE: When assessing vasomotor endothelial function by reactive hyperemia, the brachial artery, in some individuals, constricts immediately before beginning to dilate following cuff release. We call this response high-flow-mediated constriction (H-FMC). The aim of this study was to describe the rate of the H-FMC during reactive hyperemia in children and adolescents throughout a range of body mass index (BMI) values, and to investigate differences in flow-mediated dilation (FMD), cardiovascular, and anthropometric measures between subjects with and without H-FMC. METHODS: FMD was assessed in 136 children and adolescents (61 male, 75 female; 13 ± 3 years) by sonographic imaging of the brachial artery. H-FMC was characterized as the lowest point from the baseline brachial artery diameter immediately following reactive cuff release. Independent t tests were used to compare subjects with and without H-FMC. RESULTS: H-FMC was observed in 91 of the 136 participants (66.9%). No significant difference was found between H-FMC and non-H-FMC subjects for age (p = 0.602), gender (p = 0.767), height (p = 0.227), or weight (p = 0.171). BMI percentile was nonsignificantly higher (91.8 ± 4.9th versus 84.6 ± 22.8th percentile, p = 0.057) and FMD was significantly lower (5.43 ± 3.41% versus 8.05 ± 3.97%, p < 0.001) in H-FMC than in non-H-FMC subjects. Adding H-FMC to FMD produced no significant difference between H-FMC and non-H-FMC individuals (8.03 ± 3.27% versus 8.05 ± 3.97%, p = 0.977). CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 67% of participants demonstrated an H-FMC during reactive hyperemia. BMI percentile was nonsignificantly higher and FMD was significantly lower in children and adolescents who displayed this phenomenon.
PURPOSE: When assessing vasomotor endothelial function by reactive hyperemia, the brachial artery, in some individuals, constricts immediately before beginning to dilate following cuff release. We call this response high-flow-mediated constriction (H-FMC). The aim of this study was to describe the rate of the H-FMC during reactive hyperemia in children and adolescents throughout a range of body mass index (BMI) values, and to investigate differences in flow-mediated dilation (FMD), cardiovascular, and anthropometric measures between subjects with and without H-FMC. METHODS:FMD was assessed in 136 children and adolescents (61 male, 75 female; 13 ± 3 years) by sonographic imaging of the brachial artery. H-FMC was characterized as the lowest point from the baseline brachial artery diameter immediately following reactive cuff release. Independent t tests were used to compare subjects with and without H-FMC. RESULTS: H-FMC was observed in 91 of the 136 participants (66.9%). No significant difference was found between H-FMC and non-H-FMC subjects for age (p = 0.602), gender (p = 0.767), height (p = 0.227), or weight (p = 0.171). BMI percentile was nonsignificantly higher (91.8 ± 4.9th versus 84.6 ± 22.8th percentile, p = 0.057) and FMD was significantly lower (5.43 ± 3.41% versus 8.05 ± 3.97%, p < 0.001) in H-FMC than in non-H-FMC subjects. Adding H-FMC to FMD produced no significant difference between H-FMC and non-H-FMC individuals (8.03 ± 3.27% versus 8.05 ± 3.97%, p = 0.977). CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 67% of participants demonstrated an H-FMC during reactive hyperemia. BMI percentile was nonsignificantly higher and FMD was significantly lower in children and adolescents who displayed this phenomenon.
Authors: Mary C Corretti; Todd J Anderson; Emelia J Benjamin; David Celermajer; Francois Charbonneau; Mark A Creager; John Deanfield; Helmut Drexler; Marie Gerhard-Herman; David Herrington; Patrick Vallance; Joseph Vita; Robert Vogel Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 2002-01-16 Impact factor: 24.094
Authors: J Lekakis; C Papamichael; C Vemmos; K Stamatelopoulos; A Voutsas; S Stamatelopoulos Journal: Am J Cardiol Date: 1998-05-15 Impact factor: 2.778
Authors: Ian L Williams; Philip J Chowienczyk; Stephen B Wheatcroft; Ameet G Patel; Roy A Sherwood; Aziz Momin; Ajay M Shah; Mark T Kearney Journal: Obes Surg Date: 2005-08 Impact factor: 4.129
Authors: D S Celermajer; K E Sorensen; D J Spiegelhalter; D Georgakopoulos; J Robinson; J E Deanfield Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 1994-08 Impact factor: 24.094
Authors: Joseph D Ostrem; Nicholas G Evanoff; Justin R Ryder; Julia Steinberger; Alan R Sinaiko; Katie L Bisch; Niklas M Brinck; Donald R Dengel Journal: J Clin Ultrasound Date: 2016-08-05 Impact factor: 0.910
Authors: Karla Cristina Malta Costa; Luiz Antonio Del Ciampo; Patrícia Silveira Silva; Jailson Costa Lima; Wellington de Paula Martins; Carlos Alberto Nogueira de Almeida Journal: Rev Paul Pediatr Date: 2018-03-29