| Literature DB >> 25800237 |
Kyung Hee Chun1, Young Soon Park2, Young Hwan Lee1, Seong Yong Kim2.
Abstract
PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the relationship between academic demand, academic burnout, and the selection-optimization-compensation (SOC) strategy in medical students.Entities:
Keywords: Academic burnout; Compensation; Elective selection; Loss-based selection; Optimization
Year: 2014 PMID: 25800237 PMCID: PMC8813440 DOI: 10.3946/kjme.2014.26.4.299
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Korean J Med Educ ISSN: 2005-727X
Demographic Data
| Year in school | Male | Female | Medical students | Graduate students | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Premedical 1st | 24 (61.53) | 15 (38.46) | 39 (100.00) | - | 39 |
| Premedical 2nd | 39 (76.47) | 12 (23.52) | 51 (100.00) | - | 51 |
| Medical 1st | 47 (61.03) | 30 (38.96) | 42 (54.54) | 35 (45.45) | 77 |
| Medical 2nd | 45 (63.38) | 26 (36.61) | 34 (47.88) | 37 (52.1 1) | 71 |
| Medical 3rd | 58 (73.41) | 21 (26.58) | 38 (48.10) | 41 (51.89) | 79 |
| Total | 213 (67.19) | 104 (32.80) | 204 (64.35) | 1 13 (35.64) | 317 |
Data are presented as number (%).
Descriptive Statistics and Variance Analysis of Academic Demand by Group
| Variable | Premedical students | Medical students | Graduate students | Total | F | Scheffé |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Academic demand | 2.88±0.85 | 4.70±0.84 | 4.32±1.18 | 3.95±1.26 | 67.29 | 2,3>1 |
Data are presented as mean±SD.
p<0.05,
p<0.01,
p<0.001.
Descriptive Statistics and Variance Analysis of Academic Burnout by Group
| Academic burnout | Premedical students | Medical students | Graduate students | Total | F | Scheffé |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exhaustion | 3.27±1.20 | 4.51±1.25 | 4.30±1.26 | 4.03±1.33 | 24.05*** | 2,3>1 |
| Cynicism | 3.64±1.12 | 3.13±1.27 | 3.03±1.08 | 3.23±1.15 | 8.87 | 1>3 |
| Inefficacy | 3.54±0.86 | 3.52±0.85 | 3.45±0.83 | 3.49±0.84 | 0.37 | |
| Total | 3.49±0.80 | 3.72±0.90 | 3.60±0.82 | 3.58±0.83 | 1.24 |
Data are presented as mean±SD.
p<0.05,
p<0.01,
p<0.001.
Descriptive Statistics and Variance Analysis of the Selection-Optimization-Compensation by Group
| SOC | Premedical students | Medical students | Graduate students | Total | F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Optimization | 3.44±0.52 | 3.55±0.49 | 3.58±0.53 | 3.54±0.53 | 2.07 |
| Loss-based selection | 3.01±0.41 | 3.07±0.39 | 2.99±0.39 | 3.01±0.40 | 0.45 |
| Compensation | 3.66±0.69 | 3.59±0.67 | 3.69±0.61 | 3.67±0.64 | 0.37 |
| Elective selection | 3.34±0.55 | 3.61±0.58 | 3.52±0.67 | 3.47±0.63 | 3.13 |
| Total | 3.36±0.35 | 3.45±0.37 | 3.45±0.36 | 3.42±0.36 | 1.65 |
Data are presented as mean±SD.
SOC: Selection-optimization-compensation.
p<0.05,
p<0.01,
p<0.001.
Descriptive Statistics and Variance Analysis of Academic Demand by Year in School
| Variable | Premedical 1st | Premedical 2nd | Medical 1st | Medical 2nd | Medical 3rd | Total | F | Scheffé |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Academic demand | 2.66±0.84 | 3.05±0.83 | 4.67±0.86 | 4.88±1.24 | 3.75±0.98 | 3.95±1.26 | 52.68 | 4,3>5>2,1 |
Data are presented as mean±SD.
p<0.05,
p<0.01,
p<0.001.
Descriptive Statistics and Variance Analysis of Academic Burnout by Year in School
| Academic burnout | Premedical 1st | Premedical 2nd | Medical 1st | Medical 2nd | Medical 3rd | Total | F | Scheffé |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exhaustion | 3.07±1.20 | 3.43±1.19 | 4.33±1.16 | 4.91±1.19 | 3.93±1.24 | 4.03±1.33 | 18.82 | 4>5,2,1 3>2,1 5>1 |
| Cynicism | 3.67±1.34 | 3.62±0.94 | 2.89±1.16 | 3.42±1.05 | 2.94±1.08 | 3.23±1.15 | 6.72 | 1,2>5,3 |
| Inefficacy | 3.62±0.77 | 3.48±0.92 | 3.29±0.79 | 3.50±0.85 | 3.61±0.84 | 3.49±0.84 | 1.69 | |
| Total | 3.45±0.80 | 3.51±0.80 | 3.50±0.84 | 3.94±0.75 | 3.50±0.84 | 3.58±0.83 | 3.65 | 4>3,5 |
Data are presented as mean±SD.
p<0.05,
p<0.01,
p<0.001.
Descriptive Statistics and Variance Analysis of the Selection-Optimization-Compensation by Year in School
| SOC | Premedical 1st | Premedical 2nd | Medical 1st | Medical 2nd | Medical 3rd | Total | F | Scheffé |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Optimization | 3.28±0.44 | 3.57±0.54 | 3.77±0.54 | 3.57±0.51 | 3.41±0.47 | 3.54±0.53 | 7.08 | 3>5,1 |
| Loss-based selection | 3.05±0.39 | 2.98±0.43 | 2.98±0.40 | 2.99±0.45 | 3.04±0.31 | 3.01±0.40 | 0.39 | |
| Compensation | 3.62±0.65 | 3.69±0.72 | 3.74±0.65 | 3.66±0.60 | 3.63±0.62 | 3.67±0.64 | 0.34 | |
| Elective selection | 3.24±0.49 | 3.42±0.57 | 3.65±0.63 | 3.42±0.75 | 3.54±0.57 | 3.47±0.63 | 3.07 | 3>1 |
| Total | 3.29±0.32 | 3.42±0.37 | 3.54±0.38 | 3.41±0.37 | 3.41±0.33 | 3.42±0.36 | 2.85 | 3>1 |
Data are presented as mean±SD.
SOC: Selection-optimization-compensation.
p<0.05,
p<0.01,
p<0.001.
Descriptive Statistics and Variance Analysis of the Selection-Optimization-Compensation by Academic Burnout Degree
| SOC | Academic burnout | F | Scheffé | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | Middle | Low | Total | |||
| Optimization | 3.66±0.51 | 3.51±0.50 | 3.50±0.62 | 3.54±0.53 | 1.83 | |
| Loss-based selection | 3.02±0.44 | 2.98±0.36 | 3.09±0.48 | 3.01±0.40 | 1.36 | |
| Compensation | 3.81±0.75 | 3.61±0.60 | 3.74±0.64 | 3.67±0.64 | 2.52 | |
| Elective selection | 3.59±0.69 | 3.42±0.62 | 3.57±0.57 | 3.47±0.63 | 2.13 | |
| Total | 3.52±0.42 | 3.38±0.34 | 3.48±0.32 | 3.42±0.36 | 3.81 | a>b |
| Emotional exhaustion | ||||||
| Optimization | 3.54±0.38 | 3.52±0.56 | 3.60±0.59 | 3.54±0.53 | 0.38 | |
| Loss-based selection | 3.00±0.42 | 2.99±0.39 | 3.09±0.38 | 3.01±0.40 | 1.30 | |
| Compensation | 3.72±0.70 | 3.66±0.62 | 3.62±0.64 | 3.67±0.64 | 0.34 | |
| Elective selection | 3.40±0.69 | 3.52±0.60 | 3.40±0.63 | 3.47±0.63 | 1.29 | |
| Total | 3.41±0.40 | 3.42±0.35 | 3.43±0.33 | 3.42±0.36 | 0.02 | |
| Cynicism | ||||||
| Optimization | 3.71±0.55 | 3.48±0.51 | 3.50±0.52 | 3.54±0.53 | 4.85 | 1>2 |
| Loss-based selection | 2.97±0.42 | 3.02±0.37 | 3.02±0.48 | 3.01±0.40 | 0.33 | |
| Compensation | 3.78±0.71 | 3.64±0.60 | 3.62±0.70 | 3.67±0.64 | 1.26 | |
| Elective selection | 3.65±0.72 | 3.45±0.59 | 3.28±0.59 | 3.47±0.63 | 4.49 | 1>3 |
| Total | 3.53±0.41 | 3.40±0.33 | 3.36±0.36 | 3.42±0.36 | 3.91 | 1>2 |
| Inefficacy | ||||||
| Optimization | 3.69±0.55 | 3.55±0.49 | 3.28±0.58 | 3.54±0.53 | 7.89 | 1,2>3 |
| Loss-based selection | 2.94±0.37 | 2.99±0.39 | 3.17±0.41 | 3.01±0.40 | 4.87 | 3>2,1 |
| Compensation | 3.85±0.75 | 3.64±0.61 | 3.62±0.63 | 3.67±0.64 | 2.39 | |
| Elective selection | 3.67±0.67 | 3.43±0.62 | 3.45±0.59 | 3.47±0.63 | 3.11 | 1>2 |
| Total | 3.54±0.39 | 3.40±0.35 | 3.38±0.33 | 3.42±0.36 | 3.28 | |
Data are presented as mean±SD.
SOC: Selection-optimization-compensation.
p<0.05,
p<0.01,
p<0.001.
Results of Regression Analysis
| Dependent variable | Independent variable | Unstandardized coefficient | Standardized coefficient | t-value | R2 (adjusted R2) | F | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | Standard error | ||||||
| Exhaustion | Academic demand | 0.72 | 0.04 | 0.68 | 16.00 | 0.46 (0.46) | 256.08 |
| Cynicism | SOC | ||||||
| Optimization | -0.27 | 0.14 | -0.12 | -1.96 | 0.05 (0.04) | 6.60 | |
| Elective selection | -0.25 | 0.12 | -0.14 | -2.14 | |||
| Inefficacy | Academic demand | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| SOC | |||||||
| Optimization | -0.44 | 0.09 | -0.28 | -4.82 | 0.08 (0.07) | 23.25 | |
| Total | Academic demand | 0.24 | 0.04 | 0.37 | 6.96 | 0.14 (0.13) | 48.38 |
| SOC | |||||||
| Optimization | -0.26 | 0.09 | -0.17 | -2.79 | 0.03 (0.02) | 7.79 | |
SOC: Selection-optimization-compensation.
p<0.05,
p<0.01,
p<0.001.