Michael Davidson1, Ori Kapara2, Shira Goldberg2, Rinat Yoffe3, Shlomo Noy1, Mark Weiser4. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel; 2. Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; 3. Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel. 4. Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel; mweiser@netvision.net.il.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Although it is undisputable that patients with severe mental illness have impaired ability to work, the extent of this is unclear. This is a nation-wide, cross-sectional survey of patients who have been hospitalized with severe mental illness earning minimum wage or above. METHOD: Data from the Israeli Psychiatric Hospitalization Case Registry were linked with nation-wide data from the National Insurance Institute (the equivalent of US Social Security) on personal income. Hospitalization data were obtained on all consecutive admissions to any psychiatric hospital in the country between 1990-2008 with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, other nonaffective psychotic disorders, or bipolar disorder (N = 35 673). Earning minimum wage or more was defined as earning at least 1000 USD/month, which was equivalent to minimum wage in Israel in December 2010. RESULTS: The percentages of patients with only 1 admission who were earning minimum wage or above in December 2010 were as follows: 10.6% of patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia; 21.6% of patients with a diagnosis of nonaffective psychotic disorders; and 24.2% of patients with bipolar disorder. The percentages of patients with multiple admissions who were earning minimum wage or above were as follows: 5.8% of patients with schizophrenia; 11.2% of patients with nonaffective psychotic disorders; and 19.9% of patients with bipolar disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Despite potential confounders, the results indicate that patients with schizophrenia, nonaffective psychotic disorders, or bipolar disorder have a poor employment outcome, even if they have only been admitted once. These results emphasize the importance of improving interventions to re-integrate these individuals into the work force.
OBJECTIVE: Although it is undisputable that patients with severe mental illness have impaired ability to work, the extent of this is unclear. This is a nation-wide, cross-sectional survey of patients who have been hospitalized with severe mental illness earning minimum wage or above. METHOD: Data from the Israeli Psychiatric Hospitalization Case Registry were linked with nation-wide data from the National Insurance Institute (the equivalent of US Social Security) on personal income. Hospitalization data were obtained on all consecutive admissions to any psychiatric hospital in the country between 1990-2008 with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, other nonaffective psychotic disorders, or bipolar disorder (N = 35 673). Earning minimum wage or more was defined as earning at least 1000 USD/month, which was equivalent to minimum wage in Israel in December 2010. RESULTS: The percentages of patients with only 1 admission who were earning minimum wage or above in December 2010 were as follows: 10.6% of patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia; 21.6% of patients with a diagnosis of nonaffective psychotic disorders; and 24.2% of patients with bipolar disorder. The percentages of patients with multiple admissions who were earning minimum wage or above were as follows: 5.8% of patients with schizophrenia; 11.2% of patients with nonaffective psychotic disorders; and 19.9% of patients with bipolar disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Despite potential confounders, the results indicate that patients with schizophrenia, nonaffective psychotic disorders, or bipolar disorder have a poor employment outcome, even if they have only been admitted once. These results emphasize the importance of improving interventions to re-integrate these individuals into the work force.
Authors: Robert Rosenheck; Douglas Leslie; Richard Keefe; Joseph McEvoy; Marvin Swartz; Diana Perkins; Scott Stroup; John K Hsiao; Jeffrey Lieberman Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2006-03 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: Tom Burns; Jocelyn Catty; Thomas Becker; Robert E Drake; Angelo Fioritti; Martin Knapp; Christoph Lauber; Wulf Rössler; Toma Tomov; Jooske van Busschbach; Sarah White; Durk Wiersma Journal: Lancet Date: 2007-09-29 Impact factor: 79.321