Lingam Vijaya1, Rashima Asokan2, Manish Panday3, Nikhil S Choudhari3, Sathyamangalam Ve Ramesh4, Lokapavani Velumuri4, Ronnie George3. 1. Glaucoma Project, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India. Electronic address: cgscedis@gmail.com. 2. Glaucoma Project, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India; Elite School of Optometry, Chennai, India; Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India. 3. Glaucoma Project, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India. 4. Glaucoma Project, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India; Elite School of Optometry, Chennai, India.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the 6-year incidence of pseudoexfoliation and its risk factors in a South Indian population. DESIGN: Longitudinal population-based study. PARTICIPANTS: Subjects 40 years of age or older without pseudoexfoliation at baseline. METHODS: Participants were examined at baseline and after a 6-year interval. The presence of pseudoexfoliation was looked for after pupillary dilation in either or both eyes at 1 or more locations. Glaucoma was defined using the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology Classification. Logistic regression was performed to identify the baseline risk factors that could predict the incident pseudoexfoliation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Six-year incidence, associated risk factors, and rural-versus-urban differences. RESULTS: From the study cohort of 4228 subjects, 87 subjects (male-to-female ratio, 48:39; rural-to-urban ratio, 69:18) demonstrated incident pseudoexfoliation (2.03%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-2.5; rural: -2.86%; 95% CI, 1.6-2.5; urban: 0.96%; 95% CI, 0.5-1.4). Pseudoexfoliation was associated with glaucoma in 1 subject (1.1%), with primary angle-closure suspicion in 10 subjects (11.5%), and with ocular hypertension in 2 subjects (2.2%). Significant predictive baseline risk factors were older age (P < 0.001), rural residence (P < 0.001), illiteracy (P = 0.02), pseudophakia (P = 0.04), and nuclear cataract (P = 0.05). With reference to the 40-to-49-year age group, the risk of incidence increased from 4.7 (95% CI, 2.4-9.4) for the 50-to-59-year age group to 12.9 (95% CI, 6.1-27.2) for 70 years of age and older group. CONCLUSIONS: In 6 years, pseudoexfoliation developed in 2.03% of the population. Rural and urban incidence was significantly different.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the 6-year incidence of pseudoexfoliation and its risk factors in a South Indian population. DESIGN: Longitudinal population-based study. PARTICIPANTS: Subjects 40 years of age or older without pseudoexfoliation at baseline. METHODS:Participants were examined at baseline and after a 6-year interval. The presence of pseudoexfoliation was looked for after pupillary dilation in either or both eyes at 1 or more locations. Glaucoma was defined using the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology Classification. Logistic regression was performed to identify the baseline risk factors that could predict the incident pseudoexfoliation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Six-year incidence, associated risk factors, and rural-versus-urban differences. RESULTS: From the study cohort of 4228 subjects, 87 subjects (male-to-female ratio, 48:39; rural-to-urban ratio, 69:18) demonstrated incident pseudoexfoliation (2.03%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-2.5; rural: -2.86%; 95% CI, 1.6-2.5; urban: 0.96%; 95% CI, 0.5-1.4). Pseudoexfoliation was associated with glaucoma in 1 subject (1.1%), with primary angle-closure suspicion in 10 subjects (11.5%), and with ocular hypertension in 2 subjects (2.2%). Significant predictive baseline risk factors were older age (P < 0.001), rural residence (P < 0.001), illiteracy (P = 0.02), pseudophakia (P = 0.04), and nuclear cataract (P = 0.05). With reference to the 40-to-49-year age group, the risk of incidence increased from 4.7 (95% CI, 2.4-9.4) for the 50-to-59-year age group to 12.9 (95% CI, 6.1-27.2) for 70 years of age and older group. CONCLUSIONS: In 6 years, pseudoexfoliation developed in 2.03% of the population. Rural and urban incidence was significantly different.
Authors: Adi Mohammed Al Owaifeer; Ibrahim AlObaida; Sultan Alzuhairy; Syed J Raheman; Leyla Aljasim; Deepak P Edward Journal: Int Ophthalmol Date: 2021-11-20 Impact factor: 2.031