Shirin Babri1, Faezeh Mehrvash1, Gisou Mohaddes2, Homeira Hatami3, Fariba Mirzaie1. 1. Neuroscience Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (NSRC), Tabriz, 51666-14766, Iran. 2. Drug Applied Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran. 3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51666-14761, Iran.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of intrahippocampal injection of vitamin C and progesterone, alone or in combination, on passive avoidance learning (PAL) in multiple sclerosis. METHODS: Sixty- three male wistar rats were divided into nine groups (n=7) as following: control (saline), lesion, vitamin C (0.2, 1, 5 mg/kg), progesterone (0.01, 0.1, 1 µg/µl) and combination therapy. Lesion was induced by intrahippocampal injection of ethidium bromide. In combination therapy, animals were treated with vitamin C (5 mg/kg) plus progesterone (0.01 mg/kg). Animals in experimental groups received different treatments for 7 days, and then all groups were tested for step through latency (STL). RESULTS: Our results showed that intrahippocampal injection of ethidium bromide destroys PAL significantly (p<0.001). Treatment with vitamin C (5mg/kg) significantly (p<0.05) improved PAL. Lower doses of progesterone did not affect latency but dose of 1 µg/µl significantly (p<0.05) increased STL. In combination therapy group STL was significantly (p<0.05) more than in the lesion group, although it was not significantly different from the vitamin C group. CONCLUSION: Based on our results, we concluded that intrahippocampal injection of vitamin C improves memory for PAL, but progesterone alone or in combination with vitamin C had no improving effects on memory.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of intrahippocampal injection of vitamin C and progesterone, alone or in combination, on passive avoidance learning (PAL) in multiple sclerosis. METHODS: Sixty- three male wistar rats were divided into nine groups (n=7) as following: control (saline), lesion, vitamin C (0.2, 1, 5 mg/kg), progesterone (0.01, 0.1, 1 µg/µl) and combination therapy. Lesion was induced by intrahippocampal injection of ethidium bromide. In combination therapy, animals were treated with vitamin C (5 mg/kg) plus progesterone (0.01 mg/kg). Animals in experimental groups received different treatments for 7 days, and then all groups were tested for step through latency (STL). RESULTS: Our results showed that intrahippocampal injection of ethidium bromide destroys PAL significantly (p<0.001). Treatment with vitamin C (5mg/kg) significantly (p<0.05) improved PAL. Lower doses of progesterone did not affect latency but dose of 1 µg/µl significantly (p<0.05) increased STL. In combination therapy group STL was significantly (p<0.05) more than in the lesion group, although it was not significantly different from the vitamin C group. CONCLUSION: Based on our results, we concluded that intrahippocampal injection of vitamin C improves memory for PAL, but progesterone alone or in combination with vitamin C had no improving effects on memory.
Entities:
Keywords:
Intrahippocampal; MS; Passive avoidance; Progesterone; Vitamin C
Authors: R H Silva; V C Abílio; A L Takatsu; S R Kameda; C Grassl; A B Chehin; W A Medrano; M B Calzavara; S Registro; M L Andersen; R B Machado; R C Carvalho; R de A Ribeiro; S Tufik; R Frussa-Filho Journal: Neuropharmacology Date: 2004-05 Impact factor: 5.250