E Nederhof1, F V A van Oort2, E M C Bouma1, O M Laceulle1, A J Oldehinkel1, J Ormel1. 1. University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation,Groningen,The Netherlands. 2. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Erasmus University Medical Center,Rotterdam,The Netherlands.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning, with cortisol as its major output hormone, has been presumed to play a key role in the development of psychopathology. Predicting affective disorders from diurnal cortisol levels has been inconclusive, whereas the predictive value of stress-induced cortisol concentrations has not been studied before. The aim of this study was to predict mental disorders over a 3-year follow-up from awakening and stress-induced cortisol concentrations. METHOD: Data were used from 561 TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) participants, a prospective cohort study of Dutch adolescents. Saliva samples were collected at awakening and half an hour later and during a social stress test at age 16. Mental disorders were assessed 3 years later with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). RESULTS: A lower cortisol awakening response (CAR) marginally significantly predicted new disorders [odds ratio (OR) 0.77, p = 0.06]. A flat recovery slope predicted disorders with a first onset after the experimental session (OR 1.27, p = 0.04). Recovery revealed smaller, non-significant ORs when predicting new onset affective or anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, or dependence disorders in three separate models, corrected for all other new onsets. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that delayed recovery and possibly reduced CAR are indicators of a more general risk status and may be part of a common pathway to psychopathology. Delayed recovery suggests that individuals at risk for mental disorders perceived the social stress test as less controllable and less predictable.
BACKGROUND:Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning, with cortisol as its major output hormone, has been presumed to play a key role in the development of psychopathology. Predicting affective disorders from diurnal cortisol levels has been inconclusive, whereas the predictive value of stress-induced cortisol concentrations has not been studied before. The aim of this study was to predict mental disorders over a 3-year follow-up from awakening and stress-induced cortisol concentrations. METHOD: Data were used from 561 TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) participants, a prospective cohort study of Dutch adolescents. Saliva samples were collected at awakening and half an hour later and during a social stress test at age 16. Mental disorders were assessed 3 years later with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). RESULTS: A lower cortisol awakening response (CAR) marginally significantly predicted new disorders [odds ratio (OR) 0.77, p = 0.06]. A flat recovery slope predicted disorders with a first onset after the experimental session (OR 1.27, p = 0.04). Recovery revealed smaller, non-significant ORs when predicting new onset affective or anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, or dependence disorders in three separate models, corrected for all other new onsets. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that delayed recovery and possibly reduced CAR are indicators of a more general risk status and may be part of a common pathway to psychopathology. Delayed recovery suggests that individuals at risk for mental disorders perceived the social stress test as less controllable and less predictable.
Entities:
Keywords:
Depression; general psychopathology; longitudinal; phobia; prospective; psychiatric diagnosis; public speaking task; social stress test; substance dependence
Authors: Martha E Wadsworth; Amanda V Broderick; John E Loughlin-Presnal; Jason J Bendezu; Celina M Joos; Jarl A Ahlkvist; Sarah E D Perzow; Ashley McDonald Journal: Dev Psychobiol Date: 2019-05-18 Impact factor: 3.038
Authors: Maximus Berger; Anthony Leicht; Angela Slatcher; Ann Katrin Kraeuter; Sarangan Ketheesan; Sarah Larkins; Zoltán Sarnyai Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2017-01-31 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: Marlee R Salisbury; Shaelyn Stienwandt; Ryan Giuliano; Lara Penner-Goeke; Philip A Fisher; Leslie E Roos Journal: Int J Psychophysiol Date: 2020-10-24 Impact factor: 2.997