Linh-Vi N Le1, Tuan A Nguyen2, Hoang V Tran3, Nisha Gupta4, Thanh C Duong2, Ha T T Tran5, Patrick Nadol4, Keith Sabin6, Lisa Maher7, John M Kaldor7. 1. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Vietnam; Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW, Australia. Electronic address: leli@wpro.who.int. 2. National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Vietnam. 3. Partners in Health Research, Vietnam. 4. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Vietnam. 5. Family Health International 360, Vietnam. 6. World Health Organization, Vietnam, currently UN Joint Programme on HIV/AIDS, Switzerland. 7. Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW, Australia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Women who sell sex and use drugs have dual risks for HIV infection. Despite increasing reports of drug use among female sex workers (FSW) in Vietnam, FSW HIV interventions remain focused mainly on sexual risk reduction. We assessed the impact of drug use and inconsistent condom use on HIV infection among FSW in Vietnam, which few studies have quantified. METHODS: We surveyed 5298 women aged ≥18 years who had sold sex in the past month from ten geographically dispersed provinces. We performed multivariate logistic regression on data from provinces with high (≥10%) or low (<10%) HIV prevalence among FSW. RESULTS: Compared to FSW who never used illicit drugs, the odds of HIV infection among FSW who had ever injected drugs and those who reported non-injection drug use were 3.44 (CI 2.32-5.09) and 1.76 (CI 1.14-2.71), respectively, in high-prevalence provinces. FSW who always used condoms with clients had lower odds of HIV infection than those who did not (AOR=0.71; CI 0.52-0.98). In low-prevalence provinces lifetime injection drug use (AOR 22.05, CI 12.00-40.49), but not non-injecting drug use or inconsistent condom use, was significantly associated with HIV infection. CONCLUSIONS: Because injection drug use and inconsistent condom use were key risk factors for HIV infection in high-prevalence provinces, drug injection risk reduction should be as much a focus of HIV prevention as sexual risk reduction. Where HIV prevalence remains low in FSW, a more general emphasis on harm reduction for all drug users will benefit FSW.
OBJECTIVE: Women who sell sex and use drugs have dual risks for HIV infection. Despite increasing reports of drug use among female sex workers (FSW) in Vietnam, FSW HIV interventions remain focused mainly on sexual risk reduction. We assessed the impact of drug use and inconsistent condom use on HIV infection among FSW in Vietnam, which few studies have quantified. METHODS: We surveyed 5298 women aged ≥18 years who had sold sex in the past month from ten geographically dispersed provinces. We performed multivariate logistic regression on data from provinces with high (≥10%) or low (<10%) HIV prevalence among FSW. RESULTS: Compared to FSW who never used illicit drugs, the odds of HIV infection among FSW who had ever injected drugs and those who reported non-injection drug use were 3.44 (CI 2.32-5.09) and 1.76 (CI 1.14-2.71), respectively, in high-prevalence provinces. FSW who always used condoms with clients had lower odds of HIV infection than those who did not (AOR=0.71; CI 0.52-0.98). In low-prevalence provinces lifetime injection drug use (AOR 22.05, CI 12.00-40.49), but not non-injecting drug use or inconsistent condom use, was significantly associated with HIV infection. CONCLUSIONS: Because injection drug use and inconsistent condom use were key risk factors for HIV infection in high-prevalence provinces, drug injection risk reduction should be as much a focus of HIV prevention as sexual risk reduction. Where HIV prevalence remains low in FSW, a more general emphasis on harm reduction for all drug users will benefit FSW.
Authors: Huong Thi Duong; Don Des Jarlais; Oanh Hai Thi Khuat; Kamyar Arasteh; Jonathan Feelemyer; Pham Minh Khue; Hoang Thi Giang; Didier Laureillard; Vinh Vu Hai; Roselyne Vallo; Laurent Michel; Jean Pierre Moles; Nicolas Nagot Journal: AIDS Behav Date: 2018-07
Authors: Catherine E Oldenburg; Bao Le; Hoang Thi Huyen; Dinh Duc Thien; Nguyen Hoang Quan; Katie B Biello; Amy Nunn; Philip A Chan; Kenneth H Mayer; Matthew J Mimiaga; Donn Colby Journal: Sex Health Date: 2016-07-22 Impact factor: 2.706
Authors: Linh-Vi N Le; Siobhan O'Connor; Tram Hong Tran; Lisa Maher; John Kaldor; Keith Sabin; Hoang Vu Tran; Quang Dai Tran; Van Anh Thi Ho; Tuan Anh Nguyen Journal: Western Pac Surveill Response J Date: 2019-07-25