Stimulation of pituitary hormone secretion by neurotransmitter amino acids in humans.

The effects of several neurotransmitter amino acids on pituitary hormone secretion were examined in normal humans. Oral administration of 10 g of glutamic acid stimulated the secretion of prolactin (PRL) and cortisol to approximately twice baseline values, with no effect on GH, TSH or LH. Aspartic acid (10 g), taurine (5 g), and cysteine (5 or 10 g) had no consistent effect on any hormone measured, although the lack of effect of aspartic acid may relate to the modest increments in serum concentration achieved. Glutamic acid may be an important modulator of PRL and ACTH secretion in humans.