| Literature DB >> 25741653 |
Marília Regina Nepomuceno, Cássio Maldonado Turra.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze conditional and unconditional healthy life expectancy among older Brazilian women. METHODS This cross-sectional study used the intercensal technique to estimate, in the absence of longitudinal data, healthy life expectancy that is conditional and unconditional on the individual's current health status. The data used were obtained from the Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (National Household Sample Survey) of 1998, 2003, and 2008. This sample comprised 11,171; 13,694; and 16,259 women aged 65 years or more, respectively. Complete mortality tables from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics for the years 2001 and 2006 were also used. The definition of health status was based on the difficulty in performing activities of daily living. RESULTS The remaining lifetime was strongly dependent on the current health status of the older women. Between 1998 and 2003, the amount of time lived with disability for healthy women at age 65 was 9.8%. This percentage increased to 66.2% when the women already presented some disability at age 65. Temporal analysis showed that the active life expectancy of the women at age 65 increased between 1998-2003 (19.3 years) and 2003-2008 (19.4 years). However, life years gained have been mainly focused on the unhealthy state. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of conditional and unconditional life expectancy indicated that live years gained are a result of the decline of mortality in unhealthy states. This pattern suggests that there has been no reduction in morbidity among older women in Brazil between 1998 and 2008.Entities:
Mesh:
Year: 2015 PMID: 25741653 PMCID: PMC4386550 DOI: 10.1590/s0034-8910.2015049005472
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Saude Publica ISSN: 0034-8910 Impact factor: 2.106
Proportion (%) of active older women by age. Brazil, 1998, 2003, and 2008.
| Age group | 1998 | 2003 | 2008 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 65 to 69 | 96.2 | 96.2 | 95.9 |
| 70 to 74 | 93.3 | 94.4 | 94.0 |
| 75 to 79 | 89.2 | 90.3 | 90.5 |
| 80 to 84 | 85.5 | 85.0 | 83.1 |
| 85 to 89 | 76.5 | 75.2 | 74.9 |
| 90 to 94 | 62.2 | 61.9 | 66.4 |
| Total | 91.3 | 91.5 | 90.9 |
Source: IBGE-PNAD of 1998c, 2003d, and 2008e.
Transition probabilities by age in older women. Brazil, 1998-2003 and 2003-2008.
| Age | 1998–2003 | 2003–2008 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Disabled Active | Disabled Dead | Active Disabled | Active Dead | Disabled Active | Disabled Dead | Active Disabled | Active Dead | |
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| (nqx I A) | (nqx I M) | (nqx A I) | (nqx A M) | (nqx I A) | (nqx I M) | (nqx A I) | (nqx A M) | |
| 65 | 0.2020 | 0.2358 | 0.0350 | 0.0674 | 0.2000 | 0.2263 | 0.0650 | 0.0618 |
| 70 | 0.1351 | 0.2703 | 0.0441 | 0.1022 | 0.1414 | 0.2664 | 0.0818 | 0.0963 |
| 75 | 0.0903 | 0.3148 | 0.0554 | 0.1574 | 0.1000 | 0.3118 | 0.1030 | 0.1491 |
| 80 | 0.0604 | 0.3717 | 0.0698 | 0.2460 | 0.0707 | 0.3677 | 0.1296 | 0.2327 |
| 85 | 0.0404 | 0.4235 | 0.0878 | 0.3709 | 0.0500 | 0.4232 | 0.1631 | 0.3543 |
Source: IBGE-PNAD of 1998c, 2003d, and 2008e and Complete female morbidity tables for 2001f and 2006g.
Conditional life expectancy (nex) by age in older women. Brazil, 1998-2003 and 2003-2008.
| Period | Exact age ( | n | Life expectancy (nex)* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| I | II | IA | A | AA | AI | |||
| 1998 to 2003 | 65 | 30 | 14.2 | 9.4 | 4.8 | 19.3 | 17.4 | 1.9 |
| 80 | 15 | 7.9 | 7.3 | 0.7 | 9.2 | 8.1 | 1.1 | |
| 2003 to 2008 | 65 | 30 | 14.4 | 9.9 | 4.6 | 19.4 | 16.1 | 3.3 |
| 80 | 15 | 8.0 | 7.2 | 0.7 | 9.3 | 7.5 | 1.9 | |
Source: IBGE-PNAD of 1998c, 2003d, and 2008e and Complete female morbidity tables for 2001f and 2006g.
I: life expectancy conditional on disabled state; II: disabled life expectancy conditional on disabled state; IA: active life expectancy conditional on disabled state; A: life expectancy conditional on active state; AA: active life expectancy conditional on active state; AI: disabled life expectancy conditional on active state.
* The life expectancies presented here represent the expected number of years to be lived between the exact ages x and 95 years.
Life expectancy in older women. Brazil, 1998-2003 and 2003-2008.
| Period | Exact age ( | Life expectancy (years)* | Percentage of life expectancy | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Total | Active | Disabled | Active | Disabled | ||
| 1998 to 2003 | 65 | 19.0 | 16.8 | 2.3 | 88.2 | 11.8 |
| 80 | 9.0 | 7.2 | 1.8 | 79.6 | 20.4 | |
| 2003 to 2008 | 65 | 19.2 | 15.6 | 3.6 | 81.2 | 18.8 |
| 80 | 9.1 | 6.1 | 3.0 | 66.8 | 33.2 | |
Source: IBGE-PNAD of 1998d, 2003e, and 2008 and Complete female morbidity tables for 2001g and 2006h.
* The life expectancies presented here represent the expected number of years to be lived between the exact ages x and 95 years.
Proporção (%) de idosas ativas por idade. Brasil, 1998, 2003 e 2008.
| Grupo de idade | 1998 | 2003 | 2008 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 65 a 69 | 96,2 | 96,2 | 95,9 |
| 70 a 74 | 93,3 | 94,4 | 94,0 |
| 75 a 79 | 89,2 | 90,3 | 90,5 |
| 80 a 84 | 85,5 | 85,0 | 83,1 |
| 85 a 89 | 76,5 | 75,2 | 74,9 |
| 90 a 94 | 62,2 | 61,9 | 66,4 |
| Total | 91,3 | 91,5 | 90,9 |
Fonte: IBGE-PNAD de 1998c,2003d e 2008e.
Probabilidades de transição por idade em idosas. Brasil, 1998-2003 e 2003-2008.
| Idade | 1998-2003 | 2003-2008 | ||||||
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| Incapacitado Ativo | Incapacitado Morte | Ativo Incapacitado | Ativo Morte | Incapacitado Ativo | Incapacitado Morte | Ativo Incapacitado | Ativo Morte | |
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| (nqx I A) | (nqx I M) | (nqx A I) | (nqx A M) | (nqx I A) | (nqx I M) | (nqx A I) | (nqx A M) | |
| 65 | 0,2020 | 0,2358 | 0,0350 | 0,0674 | 0,2000 | 0,2263 | 0,0650 | 0,0618 |
| 70 | 0,1351 | 0,2703 | 0,0441 | 0,1022 | 0,1414 | 0,2664 | 0,0818 | 0,0963 |
| 75 | 0,0903 | 0,3148 | 0,0554 | 0,1574 | 0,1000 | 0,3118 | 0,1030 | 0,1491 |
| 80 | 0,0604 | 0,3717 | 0,0698 | 0,2460 | 0,0707 | 0,3677 | 0,1296 | 0,2327 |
| 85 | 0,0404 | 0,4235 | 0,0878 | 0,3709 | 0,0500 | 0,4232 | 0,1631 | 0,3543 |
Fonte: IBGE-PNAD de 1998c, 2003d e 2008e e Tábuas completas de mortalidade feminina de 2001f e 2006g.
Expectativa de vida condicional (nex) por idade em idosas. Brasil, 1998-2003 e 2003-2008.
| Período | Idade exata ( | n | Expectativa de vida (nex)* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| I | II | IA | A | AA | AI | |||
| 1998 a 2003 | 65 | 30 | 14,2 | 9,4 | 4,8 | 19,3 | 17,4 | 1,9 |
| 80 | 15 | 7,9 | 7,3 | 0,7 | 9,2 | 8,1 | 1,1 | |
| 2003 a 2008 | 65 | 30 | 14,4 | 9,9 | 4,6 | 19,4 | 16,1 | 3,3 |
| 80 | 15 | 8,0 | 7,2 | 0,7 | 9,3 | 7,5 | 1,9 | |
Fonte: IBGE-PNAD de 1998c, 2003d e 2008e e Tábuas completas de mortalidade feminina de 2001f e 2006g.
I: expectativa de vida condicional ao estado incapacitado; II: expectativa de vida com incapacidade condicional ao estado incapacitado; IA: expectativa de vida ativa condicional ao estado incapacitado; A: expectativa de vida condicional ao estado ativo; AA: expectativa de vida ativa condicional ao estado ativo; AI: expectativa de vida com incapacidade condicional ao estado ativo.
* As expectativas de vida apresentadas representam o número esperado de anos a serem vividos entre as idades exatas x e 95 anos.
Expectativas de vida de idosas. Brasil, 1998-2003 e 2003-2008.
| Período | Idade exata ( | Expectativa de vida (anos)* | Percentual da expectativa de vida | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Total | Ativa | Com incapacidade | Ativa | Com incapacidade | ||
| 1998 a 2003 | 65 | 19,0 | 16,8 | 2,3 | 88,2 | 11,8 |
| 80 | 9,0 | 7,2 | 1,8 | 79,6 | 20,4 | |
| 2003 a 2008 | 65 | 19,2 | 15,6 | 3,6 | 81,2 | 18,8 |
| 80 | 9,1 | 6,1 | 3,0 | 66,8 | 33,2 | |
Fonte: IBGE-PNAD de 1998d, 2003e e 2008f e Tábuas completas de mortalidade feminina de 2001g e 2006h.
* As expectativas de vida apresentadas representam o número esperado de anos a serem vividos entre as idades exatas x e 95 anos.