Bonebiomarkers in periodontal disease: a review article.

Periodontitis, is an inflammatory state of the tooth supporting structures and if left untreated, the disease continues to progressive bone destruction and subsequent tooth loss. The increasing prevelance of periodontal disease paved way to the development of new diagnostic tests that could detect the presence of active disease,the course of the disease and its response to treatment. Bone is a metabolically active tissue and undergo continuous remodelling, a process that largely relies on the activity of osteoclasts to remove bone and of osteoblasts to form bone. In health ,bone resorption and formation are coupled to each other and its long term maintenance of skeletal balance is brought about by the systemic hormones and local mediators.In contrasts,during disease there is a pronounced in balance in bone turnover. Bone biomarkers which are produced either in health or in disease state are tell tale markers which would be used to monitor the health status. This review highlights, the recent advances in the use of biomarkers of bone remodelling,that could facilitate the screening, diagnosis and management of periodontal diseases.