[Certain molecular effects of physical exercises].

According to the current concept, therapeutic physical exercises provide a simple and efficacious tool for reducing the risk of development of cardiovascular diseases and their complications. The main beneficial effects of regular physical training include positive dynamics of atherogenesis and angiogenesis, improved rheological properties of blood, decreased left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy and re-modeling. The present review is focused on some of the modern views of the molecular mechanisms underlying the influence of therapeutic physical exercises on the above processes with special reference to the activation of nitrous oxide production, regulation of the functions of the progenitor cells, and stimulation of the resident stem cells in the myocardium.