Subrata Sarkar1, Seetha Shankaran2, Abbot R Laptook3, Beena G Sood2, Barbara Do4, Barbara J Stoll5, Krisa P Van Meurs6, Edward F Bell7, Abhik Das8, John Barks1. 1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan. 3. Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants' Hospital, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island. 4. Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences Unit, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. 5. Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia. 6. Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California. 7. Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. 8. Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences Unit, RTI International, Rockville, Maryland.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine whether the cystic periventricular leukomalacia (cPVL) detection rate differs between imaging studies performed at different time points. DESIGN: We retrospectively reviewed the prospectively collected data of 31,708 infants from the NICHD Neonatal Research Network. Inclusion criteria were infants < 1,000 g birth weight or < 29 weeks' gestational age who had cranial imaging performed using both early criterion (cranial ultrasound [CUS] < 28 days chronological age) and late criterion (CUS, magnetic resonance imaging, or computed tomography closest to 36 weeks postmenstrual age [PMA]). We compared the frequency of cPVL diagnosed by early and late criteria. RESULTS: About 664 (5.2%) of the 12,739 infants who met inclusion criteria had cPVL using either early or late criteria; 569 using the late criterion, 250 using the early criterion, and 155 patients at both times. About 95 (14.3%) of 664 cPVL cases seen on early imaging were no longer visible on repeat screening closest to 36 weeks PMA. Such disappearance of cPVL was more common in infants < 26 weeks' gestation versus infants of 26 to 28 weeks' gestation (18.5 vs. 11.5%; p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: Cranial imaging at both < 28 days chronological age and closest to 36 weeks PMA improves cPVL detection, especially for more premature infants. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine whether the cystic periventricular leukomalacia (cPVL) detection rate differs between imaging studies performed at different time points. DESIGN: We retrospectively reviewed the prospectively collected data of 31,708 infants from the NICHD Neonatal Research Network. Inclusion criteria were infants < 1,000 g birth weight or < 29 weeks' gestational age who had cranial imaging performed using both early criterion (cranial ultrasound [CUS] < 28 days chronological age) and late criterion (CUS, magnetic resonance imaging, or computed tomography closest to 36 weeks postmenstrual age [PMA]). We compared the frequency of cPVL diagnosed by early and late criteria. RESULTS: About 664 (5.2%) of the 12,739 infants who met inclusion criteria had cPVL using either early or late criteria; 569 using the late criterion, 250 using the early criterion, and 155 patients at both times. About 95 (14.3%) of 664 cPVL cases seen on early imaging were no longer visible on repeat screening closest to 36 weeks PMA. Such disappearance of cPVL was more common in infants < 26 weeks' gestation versus infants of 26 to 28 weeks' gestation (18.5 vs. 11.5%; p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: Cranial imaging at both < 28 days chronological age and closest to 36 weeks PMA improves cPVL detection, especially for more premature infants. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.
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