Achilles tendoscopy.

Endoscopic surgery provides a minimally invasive approach to visualize and treat several pathologic conditions of the Achilles tendon. Open surgery on the Achilles tendon is notorious for wound complications, whereas endoscopic procedures have been recognized for less scaring, less perioperative pain, fewer wound complications, and faster recovery. This article reviews various endoscopic techniques for the treatment of equinus contracture, Achilles rupture, Haglund's deformity, and noninsertional Achilles tendinopathy.