Ji-won Hwang1, Eun-Kyung Kim1, Jung-Hoon Yang1, Sung-A Chang1, Young Bin Song1, Joo-Yong Hahn1, Seung Hyuk Choi1, Hyeon-Cheol Gwon1, Sang-Hoon Lee1, Sung-Mok Kim1, Yeon Hyeon Choe1, Jae K Oh1, Jin-Ho Choi2. 1. From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (J.H., E.-K.K., J.-H.Y., S.-A.C., Y.B.S., J.-Y.H., S.H.C., H.-C.G., S.-H.L., J.-H.C.), Department of Emergency Medicine (J.-H.C.), and Department of Radiology (S.-M.K., Y.H.C.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN (J.K.O.). 2. From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (J.H., E.-K.K., J.-H.Y., S.-A.C., Y.B.S., J.-Y.H., S.H.C., H.-C.G., S.-H.L., J.-H.C.), Department of Emergency Medicine (J.-H.C.), and Department of Radiology (S.-M.K., Y.H.C.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN (J.K.O.). jhchoimd@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The appropriate indication for coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA) as a part of preoperative evaluation has not been defined yet. We investigated the value of coronary CTA in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. METHODS AND RESULTS: We included 844 patients (median age, 67 years; male sex, 62%) who underwent coronary CTA for screening of coronary artery disease before noncardiac surgery. Clinically determined revised cardiac risk index were compared with the extent and severity of coronary artery disease assessed by coronary CTA. Perioperative major cardiac event (PMCE), defined as cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or pulmonary edema within postoperative 30 days, developed in 25 patients (3.0%). Significant coronary CTA finding was defined as >3 any lesions with ≥1 (diameter stenosis ≥70%) stenosis based on the relationship between the severity of coronary artery disease and PMCE risk. The risk of PMCE was 14.0% in patients with significant CTA findings, whereas 2.2% of patients without significant CTA findings regardless of revised cardiac risk index score. The predictive performance of revised cardiac risk index could be improved significantly after addition of significant coronary CTA findings (c-statistics=0.631 versus 0.757; net reclassification improvement=0.923; integrated discrimination improvement=0.051). On the basis of revised cardiac risk index and coronary CTA, the risk of PMCE could be estimated with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 76%, 73%, 8%, and 99%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Addition of coronary CTA to clinical risk improved perioperative risk stratification. Absence of significant coronary CTA findings conferred low PMCE risk with high specificity and negative predictive value regardless of clinical risk. Coronary CTA may improve perioperative risk stratification in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.
BACKGROUND: The appropriate indication for coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA) as a part of preoperative evaluation has not been defined yet. We investigated the value of coronary CTA in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. METHODS AND RESULTS: We included 844 patients (median age, 67 years; male sex, 62%) who underwent coronary CTA for screening of coronary artery disease before noncardiac surgery. Clinically determined revised cardiac risk index were compared with the extent and severity of coronary artery disease assessed by coronary CTA. Perioperative major cardiac event (PMCE), defined as cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or pulmonary edema within postoperative 30 days, developed in 25 patients (3.0%). Significant coronary CTA finding was defined as >3 any lesions with ≥1 (diameter stenosis ≥70%) stenosis based on the relationship between the severity of coronary artery disease and PMCE risk. The risk of PMCE was 14.0% in patients with significant CTA findings, whereas 2.2% of patients without significant CTA findings regardless of revised cardiac risk index score. The predictive performance of revised cardiac risk index could be improved significantly after addition of significant coronary CTA findings (c-statistics=0.631 versus 0.757; net reclassification improvement=0.923; integrated discrimination improvement=0.051). On the basis of revised cardiac risk index and coronary CTA, the risk of PMCE could be estimated with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 76%, 73%, 8%, and 99%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Addition of coronary CTA to clinical risk improved perioperative risk stratification. Absence of significant coronary CTA findings conferred low PMCE risk with high specificity and negative predictive value regardless of clinical risk. Coronary CTA may improve perioperative risk stratification in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.
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