[The problem of genomic instability of cultivated human stem cells].

The wide application of human stem cells in biomedical technologies leads to the necessity to analyze the genomic stability of cultivated stem cells of different origin. The review presents data on genetically stable and unstable continuous lines of human embryonic stem cells (hESC), their differentiated derivatives and adult stem cells. Causes of genomic instability occurrence are considered and analysis of the methods used to study the genome of cell lines has been carried out. The results presented in this review demonstrate the need for periodic control of genomic instability of all types of stem cells. Molecular-genetic analysis in order to avoid contamination of adult stem cell lines by tumor cells is also needed. This aspect is particularly important in connection with the active use of the adult stem cells for regenerative medicine.