Monoclonal antibody therapy in multiple sclerosis: critical appraisal and new perspectives.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been used as experimental treatments of multiple sclerosis (MS) since the 1980s, with the advantage of a high specificity for their target but disadvantages due to their immunogenicity. A literature review of experimental and disposable mAbs in the treatment of MS was performed, putting into perspective the clinical impact that these novel therapies can have and the main challenges facing their use in the daily practice. mAbs therapy resulted in a clear paradigm shift in MS therapeutics. Their use in early, inflammatory phases could have the potential to prevent or delay disability. However, it is still unclear how and when these powerful biological weapons can be used safely in the management of MS. The challenge then is how to obtain the best benefit-risk ratio and how to monitor and prevent emergent safety concerns.