Erica Cassani1, Michela Barichella2, Raffaella Cancello3, Ferruccio Cavanna2, Laura Iorio2, Emanuele Cereda4, Carlotta Bolliri2, Paola Zampella Maria2, Francesca Bianchi2, Benvenuto Cestaro5, Gianni Pezzoli2. 1. Parkinson Institute-Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, Milano, Italy. Electronic address: erica.cassani@live.it. 2. Parkinson Institute-Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, Milano, Italy. 3. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milano, Italy. 4. Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. 5. Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, School of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery-University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Changes in the composition of gut microflora have been associated with an increase in chronic diseases. Indican urinary concentration is one of the most common and easily assessable markers of intestinal dysbiosis. Little information is available on intestinal dysbiosis in Parkinson's disease (PD). We decided to investigate indican urinary concentrations in a cohort of PD patients. METHODS: A case-control study including PD patients (N = 68) on treatment with levodopa (PD) or on no pharmacological treatment (De Novo, DPD; N=34) and an age and gender-matched healthy control group (CTR; N=50). Main confounders, such as nutritional habits and constipation diagnosed according to Rome III criteria, were also investigated. RESULTS: Indican urinary concentrations were significantly higher in PD and DPD than in CTR (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively). In PD patients the concentrations were unrelated to the presence of constipation, whereas this symptom was associated with higher concentrations in controls (P=0.043). The frequency of dairy product consumption was also positively associated with increased concentrations (P=0.008). Predictors of indican concentrations were sought by multivariate linear regression analysis. The higher indican urinary concentrations found in both DPD (P=0.045) and PD (P=0.023) patients persisted after adjustment for age, gender, BMI, constipation and consumption of dairy products. CONCLUSIONS: Gut dysbiosis seems to be an important issue in PD, independently of the presence of constipation and starting from the early stages of the disease. The role of gut dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of PD deserves further investigation.
INTRODUCTION: Changes in the composition of gut microflora have been associated with an increase in chronic diseases. Indican urinary concentration is one of the most common and easily assessable markers of intestinal dysbiosis. Little information is available on intestinal dysbiosis in Parkinson's disease (PD). We decided to investigate indican urinary concentrations in a cohort of PDpatients. METHODS: A case-control study including PDpatients (N = 68) on treatment with levodopa (PD) or on no pharmacological treatment (De Novo, DPD; N=34) and an age and gender-matched healthy control group (CTR; N=50). Main confounders, such as nutritional habits and constipation diagnosed according to Rome III criteria, were also investigated. RESULTS:Indican urinary concentrations were significantly higher in PD and DPD than in CTR (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively). In PDpatients the concentrations were unrelated to the presence of constipation, whereas this symptom was associated with higher concentrations in controls (P=0.043). The frequency of dairy product consumption was also positively associated with increased concentrations (P=0.008). Predictors of indican concentrations were sought by multivariate linear regression analysis. The higher indican urinary concentrations found in both DPD (P=0.045) and PD (P=0.023) patients persisted after adjustment for age, gender, BMI, constipation and consumption of dairy products. CONCLUSIONS: Gut dysbiosis seems to be an important issue in PD, independently of the presence of constipation and starting from the early stages of the disease. The role of gut dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of PD deserves further investigation.
Authors: Madelyn C Houser; Jianjun Chang; Stewart A Factor; Eric S Molho; Cyrus P Zabetian; Erin M Hill-Burns; Haydeh Payami; Vicki S Hertzberg; Malú G Tansey Journal: Mov Disord Date: 2018-03-23 Impact factor: 10.338