Bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate: Darwinian evolution of an instrumental technique.

Bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (B-TURP) represents a Darwinian evolution of an instrumental technique that has been justified by reinforcing the leading position of monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate. Notwithstanding limitations, the best available evidence recommends B-TURP as an attractive alternative. It may serve as a reliable training platform for modern residents. High-quality evidence is lacking to definitely define its position in treating special subpopulations (anticoagulation dependence, comorbidities, and large adenomas). Regarding economic issues, preliminary evidence supports B-TURP, warranting further investigation. Future perspectives include attempts toward improvements of the existing technology, combining advantages with those of other new techniques, and evolution to novel, potentially safer, or more efficient techniques to address remaining challenges.