Brian P Walcott1, Christopher J Stapleton2, Matthew J Koch2, Christopher S Ogilvy3. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Electronic address: walcott.brian@mgh.harvard.edu. 2. Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. 3. Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Brain Aneurysm Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has been historically associated with a benign clinical course. However, recent studies have suggested that nonaneurysmal SAH can present with different hemorrhage patterns that may be associated with differential rates of morbidity. Herein, we analyze a retrospective consecutive cohort of patients with nonaneurysmal SAH to determine outcomes. We also seek to evaluate a validated radiographic grading scale to determine its utility in predicting vasospasm in the setting of different hemorrhage patterns. METHODS: After institutional review board approval, the records of 563 consecutive patients admitted with spontaneous SAH between January 2007 and 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 138 of these patients had no identifiable source of hemorrhage and were further divided into 2 groups depending on their pattern of hemorrhage: perimesencephalic or diffuse. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: In nonaneurysmal SAH, 70 patients (50.7%) had a perimesencephalic pattern of hemorrhage, whereas 68 (49.3%) experienced diffuse SAH. Radiographic vasospasm developed in 6 patients (8.6%) with perimesencephalic SAH and in 14 patients (20.6%) with a diffuse SAH pattern. When comparing historical rates of vasospasm based on the Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) scale and rates in the nonaneurysmal diffuse pattern in this series, there was no significant difference in distribution (chi-square; P = .149), compared with a difference seen with the perimesencephalic group (P < .00001). CONCLUSIONS: Nonaneurysmal SAH is associated with the potential for vasospasm, with higher rates in the diffuse versus perimesencephalic SAH patterns. The BNI grading scale for aneurysmal SAH can be used to predict the risk of vasospasm in diffuse, nonaneurysmal SAH.
BACKGROUND:Nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has been historically associated with a benign clinical course. However, recent studies have suggested that nonaneurysmal SAH can present with different hemorrhage patterns that may be associated with differential rates of morbidity. Herein, we analyze a retrospective consecutive cohort of patients with nonaneurysmal SAH to determine outcomes. We also seek to evaluate a validated radiographic grading scale to determine its utility in predicting vasospasm in the setting of different hemorrhage patterns. METHODS: After institutional review board approval, the records of 563 consecutive patients admitted with spontaneous SAH between January 2007 and 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 138 of these patients had no identifiable source of hemorrhage and were further divided into 2 groups depending on their pattern of hemorrhage: perimesencephalic or diffuse. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: In nonaneurysmal SAH, 70 patients (50.7%) had a perimesencephalic pattern of hemorrhage, whereas 68 (49.3%) experienced diffuse SAH. Radiographic vasospasm developed in 6 patients (8.6%) with perimesencephalic SAH and in 14 patients (20.6%) with a diffuse SAH pattern. When comparing historical rates of vasospasm based on the Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) scale and rates in the nonaneurysmal diffuse pattern in this series, there was no significant difference in distribution (chi-square; P = .149), compared with a difference seen with the perimesencephalic group (P < .00001). CONCLUSIONS:Nonaneurysmal SAH is associated with the potential for vasospasm, with higher rates in the diffuse versus perimesencephalic SAH patterns. The BNI grading scale for aneurysmalSAH can be used to predict the risk of vasospasm in diffuse, nonaneurysmal SAH.
Authors: Midhun Mohan; Abdurrahman I Islim; Fahid T Rasul; Ola Rominiyi; Ruth-Mary deSouza; Michael T C Poon; Aimun A B Jamjoom; Angelos G Kolias; Julie Woodfield; Krunal Patel; Aswin Chari; Ramez Kirollos Journal: Acta Neurochir (Wien) Date: 2019-08-13 Impact factor: 2.216