Renata Bogo1, Ahmed Farah2, Ann-Christin Johnson1, Kjell K Karlsson3, Nancy L Pedersen4, Magnus Svartengren5, Åsa Skjönsberg6. 1. Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Section of Audiology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. 2. Public Health Agency of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden. 3. Department of Audiology and Neurotology, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden. 4. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 5. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. 6. Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Section of Audiology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. Department of Audiology and Neurotology, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden. asa.skjonsberg@ki.se.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hearing deterioration at advanced ages is associated with environmental exposures (eg, to noise and solvents) and genetic influences may also be important. Little is known about the role of genetic influences on hearing when evaluated longitudinally. We sought to investigate longitudinal hearing loss in a cohort of adult male twins to evaluate the importance of genetic and environmental factors for hearing deterioration over time. METHODS: Hearing using conventional clinical audiometry was assessed in 583 male twins (128 monozygotic twin pairs and 111 dizygotic twin pairs) aged 34-79 at baseline and again two decades later. The hearing thresholds at two time points were compared at each frequency and in two different frequency regions. Genetic analyses were based on structural equation models. Bivariate Cholesky decomposition was used for longitudinal analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of hearing loss increased over time in better and worse ear. The hearing threshold shift was more pronounced in the high-frequency region, especially at 8000 Hz. Genetic influences were moderate (heritability: 53%-65%) for pure-tone averages at both lower and higher frequencies, and were of equal magnitude at baseline and follow-up. In contrast, environmental influences were of substantial importance (55%-88%) for rate of change of the hearing threshold over the 18-year period. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic factors are of considerable importance for level of hearing acuity, but environmental factors are more important for rate of change over an 18-year period.
BACKGROUND:Hearing deterioration at advanced ages is associated with environmental exposures (eg, to noise and solvents) and genetic influences may also be important. Little is known about the role of genetic influences on hearing when evaluated longitudinally. We sought to investigate longitudinal hearing loss in a cohort of adult male twins to evaluate the importance of genetic and environmental factors for hearing deterioration over time. METHODS: Hearing using conventional clinical audiometry was assessed in 583 male twins (128 monozygotic twin pairs and 111 dizygotic twin pairs) aged 34-79 at baseline and again two decades later. The hearing thresholds at two time points were compared at each frequency and in two different frequency regions. Genetic analyses were based on structural equation models. Bivariate Cholesky decomposition was used for longitudinal analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of hearing loss increased over time in better and worse ear. The hearing threshold shift was more pronounced in the high-frequency region, especially at 8000 Hz. Genetic influences were moderate (heritability: 53%-65%) for pure-tone averages at both lower and higher frequencies, and were of equal magnitude at baseline and follow-up. In contrast, environmental influences were of substantial importance (55%-88%) for rate of change of the hearing threshold over the 18-year period. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic factors are of considerable importance for level of hearing acuity, but environmental factors are more important for rate of change over an 18-year period.
Authors: Helena R R Wells; Maxim B Freidin; Fatin N Zainul Abidin; Antony Payton; Piers Dawes; Kevin J Munro; Cynthia C Morton; David R Moore; Sally J Dawson; Frances M K Williams Journal: Am J Hum Genet Date: 2019-09-26 Impact factor: 11.025