Yong Gan1, Xinyue Tong1, Liqing Li2, Shiyi Cao1, Xiaoxv Yin1, Chao Gao3, Chulani Herath1, Wenzhen Li1, Zhe Jin4, Yawen Chen1, Zuxun Lu5. 1. Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. 2. Department of Management, School of Economics and Management, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China. 3. National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China. 4. Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. 5. Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. Electronic address: zuxunlu@yahoo.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Observational studies suggest that an association between fruit and vegetable consumption and coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the results are inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship of fruit and vegetable consumption with CHD risk and quality the dose-response relationship between them. METHODS: Relevant prospective studies were identified by a search of PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases to July 2014. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Twenty-three studies involving 937,665 participants and 18,047 patients with CHD were included. Compared with the lowest consumption levels of total fruit and vegetable, fruit and vegetable, the RR of CHD was 0.84 (95% CI, 0.79-0.90), 0.86 (95% CI, 0.82-0.91), 0.87 (95% CI, 0.81-0.93), respectively. The dose-response analysis indicated that, the RR of CHD was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.85-0.91) per 477 g/day of total fruit and vegetable consumption, 0.84 (95% CI: 0.75-0.93) per 300 g/day of fruit intake and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73-0.92) per 400 g/day of vegetable consumption. A nonlinear association of CHD risk with fruit or vegetable consumption separately was found (P for nonlinearity <0.001). In the subgroup analysis of location, a significant inverse association was observed in Western populations, but not in Asian populations. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis indicates that total fruit and vegetable, fruit and vegetable consumption, are significantly associated with a lower risk of CHD. The significant inverse association was found in Western populations, but not in Asian populations, which warrants further research.
BACKGROUND: Observational studies suggest that an association between fruit and vegetable consumption and coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the results are inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship of fruit and vegetable consumption with CHD risk and quality the dose-response relationship between them. METHODS: Relevant prospective studies were identified by a search of PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases to July 2014. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Twenty-three studies involving 937,665 participants and 18,047 patients with CHD were included. Compared with the lowest consumption levels of total fruit and vegetable, fruit and vegetable, the RR of CHD was 0.84 (95% CI, 0.79-0.90), 0.86 (95% CI, 0.82-0.91), 0.87 (95% CI, 0.81-0.93), respectively. The dose-response analysis indicated that, the RR of CHD was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.85-0.91) per 477 g/day of total fruit and vegetable consumption, 0.84 (95% CI: 0.75-0.93) per 300 g/day of fruit intake and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73-0.92) per 400 g/day of vegetable consumption. A nonlinear association of CHD risk with fruit or vegetable consumption separately was found (P for nonlinearity <0.001). In the subgroup analysis of location, a significant inverse association was observed in Western populations, but not in Asian populations. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis indicates that total fruit and vegetable, fruit and vegetable consumption, are significantly associated with a lower risk of CHD. The significant inverse association was found in Western populations, but not in Asian populations, which warrants further research.
Authors: Yanping Li; Dong D Wang; Sylvia H Ley; Annie Green Howard; Yuna He; Yuan Lu; Goodarz Danaei; Frank B Hu Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 2016-08-23 Impact factor: 24.094
Authors: Alexander C Razavi; Dominique J Monlezun; Alexander Sapin; Zachary Stauber; Kara Schradle; Emily Schlag; Amber Dyer; Brennan Gagen; Isabella G McCormack; Ofure Akhiwu; Leah Sarris; Kerri Dotson; Timothy S Harlan Journal: Am J Lifestyle Med Date: 2020-01-24
Authors: Lauren C Blekkenhorst; Joshua R Lewis; Catherine P Bondonno; Marc Sim; Amanda Devine; Kun Zhu; Wai H Lim; Richard J Woodman; Lawrence J Beilin; Peter L Thompson; Richard L Prince; Jonathan M Hodgson Journal: Eur J Nutr Date: 2019-01-17 Impact factor: 5.614