Maxime Lévesque1, Charles Behr1, Massimo Avoli2. 1. Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Qc H3A 2B4, Canada. 2. Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Qc H3A 2B4, Canada. Electronic address: massimo.avoli@mcgill.ca.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is the most prevalent type of partial epileptic disorders. In this study, we have analyzed the impact of levetiracetam (LEV) in the pilocarpine model of MTLE. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats (n=19) were injected with pilocarpine (380 mg/kg, i.p.) to induce a status epilepticus. Twelve animals were used as controls and seven were treated with LEV. They were implanted with bipolar electrodes in the CA3 subfield of the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex (EC), dentate gyrus (DG) and subiculum and EEG-video monitored continuously from day 4 to day 14 after SE. RESULTS: Only 29% of LEV-treated animals had seizures compared to all controls following a latent period that was similar in duration. Seizure rates were lower in LEV-treated animals. In LEV-treated animals without seizures, lower interictal spike rates were found in all regions compared to controls. Analysis of interictal high-frequency oscillations (HFO s) revealed that LEV-treated animals without seizures had lower rates of interictal spikes with ripples (80-200 Hz) in CA3, EC and subiculum (p<0.01), whereas rates of interictal spikes with fast ripples (250-500 Hz) were significantly lower in CA3 and subiculum, compared to controls. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that the anti-ictogenic properties of LEV are mirrored by decreases of interictal spike rate in temporal lobe regions, and are accompanied by subregion-specific decreases of HFO occurrence in CA3 and subiculum. Overall, this evidence suggest that LEV may inhibit neural network activity in regions that are known to play important roles in MTLE.
PURPOSE:Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is the most prevalent type of partial epileptic disorders. In this study, we have analyzed the impact of levetiracetam (LEV) in the pilocarpine model of MTLE. METHODS:Sprague-Dawley rats (n=19) were injected with pilocarpine (380 mg/kg, i.p.) to induce a status epilepticus. Twelve animals were used as controls and seven were treated with LEV. They were implanted with bipolar electrodes in the CA3 subfield of the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex (EC), dentate gyrus (DG) and subiculum and EEG-video monitored continuously from day 4 to day 14 after SE. RESULTS: Only 29% of LEV-treated animals had seizures compared to all controls following a latent period that was similar in duration. Seizure rates were lower in LEV-treated animals. In LEV-treated animals without seizures, lower interictal spike rates were found in all regions compared to controls. Analysis of interictal high-frequency oscillations (HFO s) revealed that LEV-treated animals without seizures had lower rates of interictal spikes with ripples (80-200 Hz) in CA3, EC and subiculum (p<0.01), whereas rates of interictal spikes with fast ripples (250-500 Hz) were significantly lower in CA3 and subiculum, compared to controls. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that the anti-ictogenic properties of LEV are mirrored by decreases of interictal spike rate in temporal lobe regions, and are accompanied by subregion-specific decreases of HFO occurrence in CA3 and subiculum. Overall, this evidence suggest that LEV may inhibit neural network activity in regions that are known to play important roles in MTLE.
Authors: Julia Jacobs; Maeike Zijlmans; Rina Zelmann; Claude-Edouard Chatillon; Jeffrey Hall; André Olivier; François Dubeau; Jean Gotman Journal: Ann Neurol Date: 2010-02 Impact factor: 10.422
Authors: Gilles Huberfeld; Liset Menendez de la Prida; Johan Pallud; Ivan Cohen; Michel Le Van Quyen; Claude Adam; Stéphane Clemenceau; Michel Baulac; Richard Miles Journal: Nat Neurosci Date: 2011-04-03 Impact factor: 24.884
Authors: Guillermo González-H; Itzel Jatziri Contreras-García; Karla Sánchez-Huerta; Claudio M T Queiroz; Luis Ricardo Gallardo Gudiño; Julieta G Mendoza-Torreblanca; Sergio R Zamudio Journal: Brain Sci Date: 2020-09-11