Teresa M Leyro1, Peter S Hendricks2, Sharon M Hall3. 1. Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, 53 Avenue E., Piscataway, NJ 07030, USA. Electronic address: teresa.leyro@rutgers.edu. 2. Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Electronic address: phendricks@uab.edu. 3. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. Electronic address: sharon.hall@ucsf.edu.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Most cigarette smoking cessation research has aimed to clarify characteristics associated with initial and sustained abstinence, with less attention paid to predictors of gaining abstinence following an initial failure. METHODS: The current investigation explored pre-treatment demographic, smoking, and psychiatric characteristics related to gaining abstinence among smokers who failed to attain initial abstinence. Participants were 809 individuals enrolled in extended, 52-week, smoking cessation interventions. Of these, 287 (62.4%) failed to achieve initial abstinence. Gaining abstinence following initial abstinence failure was defined as achieving seven-day point prevalent abstinence at any post-initial abstinence assessment. RESULTS: Those who gained abstinence (Gainers) were more likely to have a live-in partner (χ(2)(1, N=283)=3.8, p=.05, Cramér's V=.12), identify as Hispanic (χ(2)(1, N=281)=7.8, p<.01, Cramér's V=.17), evidence lower baseline expired breath carbon monoxide (F(1, 284)=5.7, p=.02, η(2)=.02), report less cigarette dependence (F(1, 278)=7.1, p<.01, η(2)=.03), and report past week cannabis use (χ(2)(1, N=284)=5.6, p=.02, Cramér's V=.14). A logistic regression model suggested that having a live-in partner (OR=5.14, 95% CI=1.09-3.02, p=.02) and identifying as Hispanic (OR=4.93, 95% CI=1.20-18.77, p=.03) increased the odds of gaining abstinence. DISCUSSION: Having a live-in partner, Hispanic status, greater cigarette dependence, and recent cannabis use were associated with gaining abstinence. These findings provide insight into an understudied area, contributing an initial framework toward understanding gaining abstinence following initial failure.
RCT Entities:
INTRODUCTION: Most cigarette smoking cessation research has aimed to clarify characteristics associated with initial and sustained abstinence, with less attention paid to predictors of gaining abstinence following an initial failure. METHODS: The current investigation explored pre-treatment demographic, smoking, and psychiatric characteristics related to gaining abstinence among smokers who failed to attain initial abstinence. Participants were 809 individuals enrolled in extended, 52-week, smoking cessation interventions. Of these, 287 (62.4%) failed to achieve initial abstinence. Gaining abstinence following initial abstinence failure was defined as achieving seven-day point prevalent abstinence at any post-initial abstinence assessment. RESULTS: Those who gained abstinence (Gainers) were more likely to have a live-in partner (χ(2)(1, N=283)=3.8, p=.05, Cramér's V=.12), identify as Hispanic (χ(2)(1, N=281)=7.8, p<.01, Cramér's V=.17), evidence lower baseline expired breath carbon monoxide (F(1, 284)=5.7, p=.02, η(2)=.02), report less cigarette dependence (F(1, 278)=7.1, p<.01, η(2)=.03), and report past week cannabis use (χ(2)(1, N=284)=5.6, p=.02, Cramér's V=.14). A logistic regression model suggested that having a live-in partner (OR=5.14, 95% CI=1.09-3.02, p=.02) and identifying as Hispanic (OR=4.93, 95% CI=1.20-18.77, p=.03) increased the odds of gaining abstinence. DISCUSSION: Having a live-in partner, Hispanic status, greater cigarette dependence, and recent cannabis use were associated with gaining abstinence. These findings provide insight into an understudied area, contributing an initial framework toward understanding gaining abstinence following initial failure.
Authors: Saul Shiffman; Deborah M Scharf; William G Shadel; Chad J Gwaltney; Qianyu Dang; Stephanie M Paton; Duncan B Clark Journal: J Consult Clin Psychol Date: 2006-04
Authors: Andrew Hyland; Qiang Li; Joseph E Bauer; Gary A Giovino; Craig Steger; K Michael Cummings Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2004-12 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: Teresa M Leyro; Erin E Crew; Susan W Bryson; Anna Lembke; Steffani R Bailey; Judith J Prochaska; Lisa Henriksen; Stephen P Fortmann; Joel D Killen; Diana T Killen; Sharon M Hall; Sean P David Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2016-06-29 Impact factor: 2.692