| Literature DB >> 25634607 |
Francesco Massari1, Chiara Ciccarese, Matteo Santoni, Matteo Brunelli, Alessandro Conti, Alessandra Modena, Rodolfo Montironi, Daniele Santini, Liang Cheng, Guido Martignoni, Stefano Cascinu, Giampaolo Tortora.
Abstract
Recent advances in molecular biology and drug design have described novel targets in bladder cancer. EGFR, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), VEGFR, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, PD-1, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), Aurora kinase A, and miRNA are just examples of these opening frontiers. In addition, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) are promising candidates for future therapeutic approaches. Novel agents, combination, and sequences are emerging from the 747 clinical studies presently in course in bladder cancer to optimize patient outcomes. This report describes the emerging targets and provides an update on ongoing phase I, II, and III trials and preliminary results on targeted agents, used alone, in sequences, or in combination for patients with bladder cancer.Entities:
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Year: 2015 PMID: 25634607 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-015-0357-x
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Target Oncol ISSN: 1776-2596 Impact factor: 4.493