Nurettin Yiyit1, Turgut Işıtmangil2, Sinan Öksüz3. 1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, GMMA Haydarpaşa, Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: drnurettinyiyit@yahoo.com. 2. Department of Thoracic Surgery, GMMA Haydarpaşa, Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. 3. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, GMMA Haydarpaşa, Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Poland syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by the partial or complete absence of pectoral muscles, varying thoracic deformities, and hand anomalies. To date, many variants of this syndrome and its accompanying anomalies have been reported. METHODS: In our clinic, 113 patients were diagnosed with Poland syndrome between 1990 and 2014. A latissimus dorsi muscle transfer was performed on 6 of these patients. RESULTS: Out of 113 patients, 63 (55.7%) were diagnosed with the syndrome on the right side, 42 (37.1%) were diagnosed on the left side, and 8 (7%) had a bilateral diagnosis. The partial or complete absence of the pectoralis major muscle was detected in all patients. Although 81 (71.6%) patients had a complete absence of the pectoralis major muscle, 32 (28.3%) were lacking only the sternocostal head of the muscle. In the analyzed cases, Poland syndrome was also found to be accompanied by specific anomalies. The most common anomaly accompanying Poland syndrome in these patients was Sprengel deformity, seen in 18 patients. Symmetry and stabilization of the chest wall were performed in 6 patients through transfer of the latissimus dorsi muscle. CONCLUSIONS: Poland syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly, which has several variants and accompanying anomalies. The absence of several muscles in addition to the pectoral muscle can be seen in patients with Poland syndrome. Sprengel deformity is the most common accompanying anomaly. Several surgical procedures have been reported for the syndrome; for example, transposing the latissimus dorsi muscle is an effective procedure in terms of stabilizing the chest wall and providing optimum symmetric body appearance.
BACKGROUND: Poland syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by the partial or complete absence of pectoral muscles, varying thoracic deformities, and hand anomalies. To date, many variants of this syndrome and its accompanying anomalies have been reported. METHODS: In our clinic, 113 patients were diagnosed with Poland syndrome between 1990 and 2014. A latissimus dorsi muscle transfer was performed on 6 of these patients. RESULTS: Out of 113 patients, 63 (55.7%) were diagnosed with the syndrome on the right side, 42 (37.1%) were diagnosed on the left side, and 8 (7%) had a bilateral diagnosis. The partial or complete absence of the pectoralis major muscle was detected in all patients. Although 81 (71.6%) patients had a complete absence of the pectoralis major muscle, 32 (28.3%) were lacking only the sternocostal head of the muscle. In the analyzed cases, Poland syndrome was also found to be accompanied by specific anomalies. The most common anomaly accompanying Poland syndrome in these patients was Sprengel deformity, seen in 18 patients. Symmetry and stabilization of the chest wall were performed in 6 patients through transfer of the latissimus dorsi muscle. CONCLUSIONS: Poland syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly, which has several variants and accompanying anomalies. The absence of several muscles in addition to the pectoral muscle can be seen in patients with Poland syndrome. Sprengel deformity is the most common accompanying anomaly. Several surgical procedures have been reported for the syndrome; for example, transposing the latissimus dorsi muscle is an effective procedure in terms of stabilizing the chest wall and providing optimum symmetric body appearance.
Authors: Sebastian Schnaubelt; Georgios Neophytou; Bernhard Richter; Hans Domanovits; Alexander Niessner; Patrick Sulzgruber Journal: Sports Med Date: 2018-08 Impact factor: 11.136
Authors: Andri Miltiadous; Philippos Demetriou; Maria Kyriakou; Petroula Gerasimou; George Herodotou; Agathi Elpidoforou; Yiannos Kyprianou; Maria Iacovou; Jianxiang Chi; Paul Costeas; George A Tanteles Journal: Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud Date: 2022-04-28