Yen-Ta Chen1, Chih-Chao Yang2, Cheuk-Kwan Sun3, Hsin-Ju Chiang4, Yi-Ling Chen5, Pei-Hsun Sung5, Yen-Yi Zhen5, Tein-Hung Huang5, Chia-Lo Chang6, Hong-Hwa Chen6, Hsueh-Wen Chang7, Hon-Kan Yip8. 1. Division of Urology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University Kaohsiung, Taiwan. 2. Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University Kaohsiung, Taiwan. 3. Department of Emergency Medicine, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University Kaohsiung, Taiwan. 4. Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Surgery, National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung, Taiwan. 5. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung, Taiwan. 6. Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung, Taiwan. 7. Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung, Taiwan. 8. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung, Taiwan ; Center for Translational Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung, Taiwan ; Institute of Shock Wave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We investigated whether extracorporeal shock wave (ECSW) therapy can attenuate cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced acute interstitial cystitis (AIC) in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighteen male-adult Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into group 1 (sham control), group 2 (AIC induced by 150 mg/kg CYP by intra-peritoneal injection) and group 3 (AIC + ECSW 200 impulses at 0.11 mJ/mm(2) to the urinary bladder at 3 and 24 h after CYP treatment). Smooth-muscle cells co-culture with menadione (25 µM) with and without ECSW treatment was performed. Western-blot results demonstrated that ECSW significant attenuated oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in this in-vitro studies (all p < 0.001). 24-hour urine amount and microscopic findings of red-blood-cell count (i.e., hematuria) were higher in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3, and significantly higher in group 3 than in group 1 (all p < 0.001). The urine levels of albumin and interleukin-6 showed an identical pattern of hematuria among all three groups (all p < 0.001). The cellular and mRNA expressions of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)+, CD74+, CD68+, substance p+, and Cox-2+ cells in the bladder tissue exhibited an identical pattern of hematuria among all groups (all p < 0.0001). The integrity of epithelial layer and collagen-deposition area as stained by Sirius red displayed an opposite pattern of hematuria among the three groups (p < 0.0001). The protein expression of IL-12, iNOS, TNF-α, NF-κB, MMP-9, NOX-1, NOX-2, RANTES, and Oxyblot displayed an identical pattern of hematuria among all groups (all p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: ECSW therapy markedly attenuated CYP-induced AIC through inhibitions of the inflammation and oxidative stress.
BACKGROUND: We investigated whether extracorporeal shock wave (ECSW) therapy can attenuate cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced acute interstitial cystitis (AIC) in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighteen male-adult Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into group 1 (sham control), group 2 (AIC induced by 150 mg/kg CYP by intra-peritoneal injection) and group 3 (AIC + ECSW 200 impulses at 0.11 mJ/mm(2) to the urinary bladder at 3 and 24 h after CYP treatment). Smooth-muscle cells co-culture with menadione (25 µM) with and without ECSW treatment was performed. Western-blot results demonstrated that ECSW significant attenuated oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in this in-vitro studies (all p < 0.001). 24-hour urine amount and microscopic findings of red-blood-cell count (i.e., hematuria) were higher in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3, and significantly higher in group 3 than in group 1 (all p < 0.001). The urine levels of albumin and interleukin-6 showed an identical pattern of hematuria among all three groups (all p < 0.001). The cellular and mRNA expressions of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)+, CD74+, CD68+, substance p+, and Cox-2+ cells in the bladder tissue exhibited an identical pattern of hematuria among all groups (all p < 0.0001). The integrity of epithelial layer and collagen-deposition area as stained by Sirius red displayed an opposite pattern of hematuria among the three groups (p < 0.0001). The protein expression of IL-12, iNOS, TNF-α, NF-κB, MMP-9, NOX-1, NOX-2, RANTES, and Oxyblot displayed an identical pattern of hematuria among all groups (all p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: ECSW therapy markedly attenuated CYP-induced AIC through inhibitions of the inflammation and oxidative stress.
Authors: Alexandra Aicher; Christopher Heeschen; Ken-ichiro Sasaki; Carmen Urbich; Andreas M Zeiher; Stefanie Dimmeler Journal: Circulation Date: 2006-12-04 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: J Curtis Nickel; Jack Barkin; John Forrest; Phillip G Mosbaugh; J Hernandez-Graulau; David Kaufman; Keith Lloyd; Robert J Evans; C Lowell Parsons; Linda E Atkinson Journal: Urology Date: 2005-04 Impact factor: 2.649