| Literature DB >> 25623725 |
Juliana Adami Sedrez1, Maria Izabel Zaniratti da Rosa2, Matias Noll2, Fernanda da Silva Medeiros2, Claudia Tarragô Candotti2.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between behavioral risk factors, specifically postural habits, with the presence of structural changes in the spine of children and adolescents.Entities:
Keywords: Adolescent; Adolescente; Child; Coluna vertebral/anormalidades; Criança; Epidemiologia; Epidemiology; Fatores de risco; Postura; Posture; Risk factors; Spine/abnormalities
Mesh:
Year: 2015 PMID: 25623725 PMCID: PMC4436959 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpped.2014.11.012
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Paul Pediatr ISSN: 0103-0582
Anthropometric characteristics and curvatures of the spinal column in mean and standard deviation, stratified by age group.
| Age | n | Weight | Height | BMI | Kyphosis (degrees) | Lordosis (degrees) | Scoliosisa (degrees) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 to 10 | 10 | 38.77±13.27 | 1.37±0.15 | 20.30±4.01 | 45.65±8.97 | 42.15±8.39 | 8.06±2.27 |
| 11 to 14 | 38 | 48.27±9.07 | 1.53±0.85 | 20.42±2.85 | 49.55±9.76 | 44.92±8.79 | 10.16±3.71 |
| 15 to 18 | 11 | 61.74±11.62 | 1.65±0.11 | 22.50±3.01 | 49.00±14.92 | 44.92±6.64 | 8.70±1.77 |
| Total | 59 | 48.55±12.17 | 1.52±0.13 | 20.71±3.15 | 48.74±10.45 | 44.41±8.37 | 9.58±3.32 |
a Angle measured in 28 schoolchildren with scoliosis.
Frequency of behavioral variables, stratified by age groups.
| 7 to 10 yrs. (%) | 11 to 14 yrs. (%) | 15 to 18 yrs. (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physical exercise practice | |||
| Yes | 80.0 | 89.5 | 90.9 |
| No | 20.0 | 10.5 | 9.1 |
| Frequency of physical exercise | |||
| 1 to 2 days/week | 57.1 | 53.6 | 44.4 |
| 3 or more days/week | 42.9 | 46.4 | 55.6 |
| Competitive physical exercise practice | |||
| Yes | 50.0 | 54.5 | 30.0 |
| No | 50.0 | 45.5 | 70.0 |
| Time of TV/day | |||
| 0 to 3 hrs./day | 50.0 | 57.6 | 72.7 |
| 4 to 7 hrs./day | 25.0 | 27.3 | 0. |
| 8 or more hrs./day | 25.0 | 15.2 | 27.3 |
| Time at computer/day | |||
| 0 to 3 hrs./day | 83.3 | 71.4 | 55.6 |
| 4 or more hrs./day | 16.7 | 28.6 | 44.4 |
| Time of sleep per night | |||
| 0 to 7 hrs./day | 20.0 | 34.4 | 62.5 |
| 8 to 9 hrs./day | 40.0 | 40.6 | 25.0 |
| 10 or more hrs./day | 40.0 | 25.0 | 12.5 |
| Posture when sleeping | |||
| Lateral decubitus | 80.0 | 54.1 | 55.6 |
| Dorsal decubitus | 10.0 | 13.5 | 0 |
| Ventral decubitus | 10.0 | 32.4 | 44.4 |
| Reads and/or studies in bed | |||
| No | 40.0 | 29.7 | 45.0 |
| Yes | 60.0 | 70.3 | 54.5 |
| Posture in the seated position while writing | |||
| Adequate | 20.0 | 13.5 | 0. |
| Inadequate | 80.0 | 86.5 | 100.0. |
| Posture in the seated position, on a stool | |||
| Adequate | 22.2 | 13.5 | 18.2 |
| Inadequate | 77.8 | 86.5 | 81.8 |
| Posture in the seated position at the computer | |||
| Adequate | 14.3 | 16.2 | 0. |
| Inadequate | 85.7 | 83.8 | 100.0. |
| Posture to pick object from the floor | |||
| Adequate | 20.0 | 13.5 | 10.0 |
| Inadequate | 80.0 | 86.5 | 90.0 |
| Carrying school supplies | |||
| Backpack with two straps | 90.0 | 84.2 | 81.8 |
| Others (briefcase, purse and others) | 10.0 | 15.8 | 18.2 |
| Carrying the school backpack | |||
| Symmetrical straps on the shoulders | 77.8 | 78.1 | 88.9 |
| Non-symmetrical | 22.2 | 21.9 | 11.1 |
| Presence of back pain | |||
| No | 44.4 | 30.3 | 0. |
| Yes | 55.6 | 69.7 | 100.0. |
Results of association and prevalence ratios (PR) for the dependent variables thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis, according to independent demographic and behavioral variables.
| Variables | N (%) | Thoracic kyphosis | Lumbar lordosis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) |
| PR (95%CI) | N (%) |
| PR (95%CI) | |||
| Gender (n=59) | ||||||||
| Male | 33 (55.9) | 13 (39.4) | 0.041* | 1 | 8 (24.2) | 0.135 | 1 | |
| Female | 26 (44.1) | 17 (65.4) | 1.18 (1.01-1.39) | 11 (42.3) | 1.14 (0.95-1.36) | |||
| Age groups (n=59) | ||||||||
| 7 to 10 years | 10 (16.9) | 4 (40.0) | 0.754 | 1 | 2 (20.0) | 0.223 | 1 | |
| 11 to 14 years | 38 (64.4) | 20 (52.6) | 1.09 (0.85-1.38) | 15 (39.5) | 1.16 (0.92-1.47) | |||
| 15 to 18 years | 11 (18.6) | 6 (54.5) | 1.11 (0.82-1.47) | 2 (18.2) | 0.98 (0.74-1.31) | |||
| Behavioral | ||||||||
| Physical exercise practice (n=59) | ||||||||
| Yes | 52 (88.1) | 27 (51.9) | 0.657 | 1 | 17 (32.9) | 0.824 | 1 | |
| No | 7 (11.9) | 3 (42.9) | 0.94 (0.71-1.23) | 2 (28.6) | 0.96 (0.74-1.27) | |||
|
| ||||||||
| 1 to 2 days/week | 23 (52.3) | 15 (65.2) | 0.028* | 1 | 7 (30.4) | 0.591 | 1 | |
| 3 or more days/week | 21 (47.7) | 7 (33.3) | 0.81 (0.66-0.97) | 8 (38.1) | 1.05 (0.86-1.31) | |||
|
| ||||||||
| Yes | 25 (49.0) | 11 (44.0) | 0.325 | 1 | 10 (40.0) | 0.317 | 1 | |
| No | 26 (51.0) | 15 (57.7) | 1.09 (0.91-1.31) | 7 (26.9) | 0.90 (0.74-1.09) | |||
| Time of TV/day (n=52) | ||||||||
| 0 to 3 hrs./day | 31 (59.6) | 14 (45.2) | 0.539 | 1 | 9 (29.0) | 0.277 | 1 | |
| 4 to 7 hrs./day | 11 (21.2) | 7 (63.4) | 1.12 (0.91-1.39) | 6 (54.5) | 1.19 (0.95-1.51) | |||
| 8 or more hrs./day | 10 (19.2) | 5 (50.0) | 1.03 (0.81-1.33) | 3 (30.0) | 1.00 (0.78-1.29) | |||
| Time at computer/day (n=43) | ||||||||
| 0 to 3 hrs./day | 30 (69.8) | 13 (43.3) | 0.021* | 1 | 11 (36.7) | 0.911 | 1 | |
| 4 or more hours/day | 13 (30.2) | 10 (76.9) | 1.23 (1.03-1.47) | 5 (38.5) | 1.01 (0.81-1.27) | |||
| Time of sleep per night (n=50) | ||||||||
| 0 to 7 hours/day | 18 (36.0) | 7 (38.9) | 0.008 | 1 | 5 (27.8) | 0.446 | 1 | |
| 8 to 9 hours/day | 19 (38.0) | 6 (31.6) | 0.94 (0.75-1.18) | 5 (26.3) | 0.98 (0.78-1.23) | |||
| 10 or more hours/day | 13 (26.0) | 10 (76.9) | 1.27 (1.03-1.56) | 6 (46.2) | 1.14 (0.89-1.46) | |||
| Posture when sleeping (n=56) | ||||||||
| Lateral decubitus | 33 (58.9) | 16 (48.5) | 0.151 | 1 | 8 (24.2) | 0.112 | 1 | |
| Dorsal decubitus | 6 (10.7) | 2 (33.3) | 0.89 (0.66-1.21) | 2 (33.3) | 1.07 (0.79-1.45) | |||
| Ventral decubitus | 17 (30.4) | 16 (70.6) | 1.14 (0.97-1.36) | 9 (52.9) | 1.23 (1.00-1.49) | |||
| Reads and/or studies in bed (n=58) | ||||||||
| No | 20 (62.5) | 9 (45.0) | 0.582 | 1 | 4 (20.0) | 0.109 | 1 | |
| Yes | 12 (37.5) | 20 (52.6) | 1.05 (0.87-1.26) | 15 (39.5) | 1.16 (0.96-1.39) | |||
| Posture in the seated position while writing (n=58) | ||||||||
| Adequate | 7 (12.1) | 1 (14.3) | 0.014* | 1 | 2 (28.6) | 0.879 | 1 | |
| Inadequate | 51 (87.9) | 28 (54.9) | 1.35 (1.06-1.72) | 16 (31.4) | 1.02 (0.77-1.34) | |||
| Posture in the seated position on a stool (n=57) | ||||||||
| Adequate | 9 (15.8) | 1 (11.1) | 0.001* | 1 | 2 (22.2) | 0.484 | 1 | |
| Inadequate | 48 (84.2) | 27 (56.2) | 1.41 (1.14-1.72) | 16 (33.3) | 1.09 (0.85-1.39) | |||
| Posture in the seated position at the computer (n=55) | ||||||||
| Adequate | 7 (12.7) | 2 (28.6) | 0.234 | 1 | 4 (57.1) | 0.130 | 1 | |
| Inadequate | 48 (87.3) | 25 (52.1) | 1.18 (0.89-1.55) | 14 (29.2) | 0.82 (0.63-1.05) | |||
| Posture to pick object from the floor (n=57) | ||||||||
| Adequate | 8 (14.0) | 4 (50.0) | 0.957 | 1 | 2 (25.0) | 0.654 | 1 | |
| Inadequate | 49 (86.0) | 24 (49.0) | 0.99 (0.77-1.27) | 16 (32.7) | 1.06 (0.81-1.37) | |||
|
| ||||||||
| Backpack with two straps | 50 (84.7) | 23 (46.0) | 0.032* | 1 | 17 (34.0) | 0.458 | 1 | |
| Others | 9 (15.3) | 7 (77.8) | 1.21 (1.01-1.45) | 2 (22.2) | 0.91 (0.71-1.16) | |||
|
| ||||||||
| Adequate | 40 (80.0) | 19 (47.5) | 0.671 | 1 | 11 (27.5) | 0.042 | 1 | |
| Inadequate | 10 (20.0) | 4 (40.0) | 0.94 (0.74-1.20) | 6 (60.0) | 1.25 (1.01-1.56) | |||
| Presence of back pain (n=52) | ||||||||
| No | 14 (26.9) | 5 (35.7) | 0.212 | 1 | 4 (28.6) | 0.696 | 1 | |
| Yes | 38 (73.1) | 21 (55.3) | 1.14 (0.92-1.41) | 13 (34.2) | 1.04 (0.84-1.29) | |||
Prevalence ratios (PR) for the dependent variable postural change in the frontal plane (scoliosis), according to independent demographic and behavioral variables.
| Total n (%) | With scoliosis n (%) |
| PR (95%CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||||
| Gender (n=59) | ||||
| Male | 33 (55.9) | 12 (36.4) | 0.058 | 1 |
| Female | 26 (44.1) | 16 (61.5) | 1.69 (0.98-2.91) | |
| Age groups (n=59) | ||||
| 7-10 yrs. | 10 (16.9) | 5 (50.0) | 0.978 | 1 |
| 11-14 yrs. | 38 (64.4) | 18 (47.4) | 0.94 (0.46-1.91) | |
| 15-18 yrs. | 11 (18.6) | 5 (45.5) | 0.91 (0.37-2.22) | |
| Behavioral | ||||
| Physical exercise practice (n=59) | ||||
| Yes | 52 (88.1) | 23 (44.2) | 0.093 | 1 |
| No | 7 (11.9) | 5 (71.4) | 1.61 (0.92-2.82) | |
|
| ||||
| 1-2 days/week | 23 (52.3) | 12 (52.2) | 0.541 | 1 |
| 3 or more days/week | 21 (47.7) | 9 (42.9) | 0.82 (0.43-1.54) | |
|
| ||||
| Yes | 25 (49.0) | 7 (28.0) | 0.046 | 1 |
| No | 26 (51.0) | 15 (57.7) | 2.06 (1.01-4.18) | |
| Time spent watching TV/day (n=52) | ||||
| 0-3 hrs./day | 31 (59.6) | 14 (45.2) | 0.852 | 1 |
| 4-7 hrs./day | 11 (21.2) | 6 (54.5) | 1.20 (0.62-2.34) | |
| 8 or more hrs./day | 10 (19.2) | 5 (50.0) | 1.10 (0.53-2.3) | |
| Time at the computer/day (n=43) | ||||
| 0-3 hours/day | 30 (69.8) | 15 (50.0) | 0.507 | 1 |
| 4 or more hours/day | 13 (30.2) | 5 (38.5) | 0.76 (0.35-1.67) | |
| Time of sleep per night (n=50) | ||||
| 0-7 hours a day | 18 (36.0) | 5 (27.8) | 0.004 | 1 |
| 8-9 hours a day | 19 (38.0) | 9 (47.4) | 1.71 (0.71-4.12) | |
| 10 or more hours a day | 13 (26.0) | 11 (84.6) | 3.04 (1.39-6.64) | |
| Posture when sleeping (n=56) | ||||
| Lateral decubitus | 33 (58.9) | 12 (36.4) | 1 | |
| Dorsal decubitus | 6 (10.7) | 5 (83.3) | 0.019 | 2.29 (1.28-4.07) |
| Ventral decubitus | 17 (30.4) | 10 (58.8) | 1.61 (0.88-2.95) | |
| Reads and/or studies in bed (n=58) | ||||
| No | 20 (34.5) | 7 (35.0) | 0.232 | 1 |
| Yes | 38 (65.5) | 20 (52.6) | 1.50 (0.77-2.93) | |
| Posture in the seated position while writing (n=58) | ||||
| Adequate | 7 (12.1) | 1 (14.3) | 0.161 | 1 |
| Inadequate | 51 (87.9) | 27 (52.9) | 3.71 (0.59-23.1) | |
| Posture seated on a stool (n=57) | ||||
| Adequate | 9 (15.8) | 4 (44.4) | 0.768 | 1 |
| Inadequate | 48 (84.2) | 24 (50.0) | 1.12 (0.51-2.36) | |
| Posture in the seated position at the computer (n=55) | ||||
| Adequate | 7 (12.7) | 3 (42.9) | 0.737 | 1 |
| Inadequate | 48 (87.3) | 24 (50.0) | 1.16 (0.47-2.87) | |
| Posture to pick object from the floor (n=57) | ||||
| Adequate | 8 (14.0) | 4 (50.0) | 0.957 | 1 |
| Inadequate | 49 (86.0) | 24 (49.0) | 0.98 (0.46-2.07) | |
| Carrying school supplies (n=59) | ||||
| Backpack with two straps | 50 (84.7) | 23 (46.0) | 0.573 | 1 |
| Others (briefcase, purse and others) | 9 (15.3) | 5 (55.6) | 1.20 (0.62-2.33) | |
|
| ||||
| Adequate (symmetrical straps on the shoulders) | 40 (80.0) | 17 (42.5) | 0.277 | 1 |
| Inadequate (non-symmetrical) | 10 (20.0) | 6 (60.0) | 1.41 (0.75-2.62) | |
| Presence of back pain (n=52) | ||||
| No | 14 (26.9) | 5 (35.7) | 0.477 | 1 |
| Yes | 38 (73.1) | 18 (47.4) | 1.32 (0.60-2.88) | |
Figure 1Percentages of postures adopted in the seated position, according to the BackPEI questionnaire by Noll et al12 (authorized image).
Características antropométricas e das curvaturas da coluna vertebral em média e desvio padrão, estratificadas por faixa etária
| Idade (anos) | N | Peso (kg) | Estatura (cm) | IMC | Cifose (graus) | Lordose (graus) | Escoliosea (graus) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7-10 | 10 | 38,77±13,27 | 1,37±0,15 | 20,30±4,01 | 45,65±8,97 | 42,15±8,39 | 8,06±2,27 |
| 11-14 | 38 | 48,27±9,07 | 1,53±0,85 | 20,42±2,85 | 49,55±9,76 | 44,92±8,79 | 10,16±3,71 |
| 15-18 | 11 | 61,74±11,62 | 1,65±0,11 | 22,50±3,01 | 49,00±14,92 | 44,92±6,64 | 8,70±1,77 |
| Total | 59 | 48,55±12,17 | 1,52±0,13 | 20,71±3,15 | 48,74±10,45 | 44,41±8,37 | 9,58±3,32 |
Ângulo avaliado em 28 escolares com presença de escoliose.
Frequência das variáveis comportamentais, estratificada por faixas etárias
| 7 a 10 anos | 11 a 14 anos (%) | 15 a 18 anos | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Sim | 80,0 | 89,5 | 90,9 |
| Não | 20,0 | 10,5 | 9,1 |
|
| |||
| L-2 dias/semana | 57,1 | 53,6 | 44,4 |
| ≥3 dias/semana | 42,9 | 46,4 | 55,6 |
|
| |||
| Sim | 50,0 | 54,5 | 30,0 |
| Não | 50,0 | 45,5 | 70,0 |
|
| |||
| 0-3h/dia | 50,0 | 57,6 | 72,7 |
| 4-7 h/dia | 25,0 | 27,3 | 0 |
| ≥8h/dia | 25,0 | 15,2 | 27,3 |
|
| |||
| 0-3h/dia | 83,3 | 71,4 | 55,6 |
| ≥4h/dia | 16,7 | 28,6 | 44,4 |
|
| |||
| 0-7h/dia | 20,0 | 34,4 | 62,5 |
| 8-9h/dia | 40,0 | 40,6 | 25,0 |
| ≥10h/dia | 40,0 | 25,0 | 12,5 |
| Decúbito | |||
| Lateral | 80,0 | 54,1 | 55,6 |
| Dorsal | 10,0 | 13,5 | 0 |
| Ventral | 10,0 | 32,4 | 44,4 |
|
| |||
| Não | 40,0 | 29,7 | 45,0 |
| Sim | 60,0 | 70,3 | 54,5 |
|
| |||
| Adequada | 20,0 | 13,5 | 0 |
| Inadequada | 80,0 | 86,5 | 100,0 |
|
| |||
| Adequada | 22,2 | 13,5 | 18,2 |
| Inadequada | 77,8 | 86,5 | 81,8 |
|
| |||
| Adequada | 14,3 | 16,2 | 0 |
| Inadequada | 85,7 | 83,8 | 100,0 |
|
| |||
| Adequada | 20,0 | 13,5 | 10,0 |
| Inadequada | 80,0 | 86,5 | 90,0 |
|
| |||
| Mochila | 90,0 | 84,2 | 81,8 |
| Outro | 10,0 | 15,8 | 18,2 |
|
| |||
| Alças simétricas sobre os ombros | 77,8 | 78,1 | 88,9 |
| Modo não simétrico | 22,2 | 21,9 | 11,1 |
|
| |||
| Não | 44,4 | 30,3 | 0 |
| Sim | 55,6 | 69,7 | 100,0 |
Resultados de associação e razões de prevalência (RP) para as variáveis dependentes cifose torácica e lordose lombar, segundo as variáveis independentes demográficas e comportamentais
| Variáveis | n (%) | Cifose torácica | Lordose lombar | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) |
| RP (IC95%) | n (%) |
| RP (IC95%) | ||
|
| |||||||
|
| |||||||
| Masculino | 33 (55,9) | 13 (39,4) | 0,041 | 1 | 8 (24,2) | 0,135 | 1 |
| Feminino | 26 (44,1) | 17 (65,4) | 1,18 (1,01-1,39) | 11 (42,3) | 1,14 (0,95-1,36) | ||
|
| |||||||
| 7-10 anos | 10 (16,9) | 4 (40,0) | 0,754 | 1 | 2 (20,0) | 0,223 | 1 |
| 11-14 anos | 38 (64,4) | 20 (52,6) | 1,09 (0,85-1,38) | 15 (39,5) | 1,16 (0,92-1,47) | ||
| 15-18 anos | 11 (18,6) | 6 (54,5) | 1,11 (0,82-1,47) | 2 (18,2) | 0,98 (0,74-1,31) | ||
|
| |||||||
|
| |||||||
| Sim | 52 (88,1) | 27 (51,9) | 0,657 | 1 | 17 (32,9) | 0,824 | 1 |
| Não | 7 (11,9) | 3 (42,9) | 0,94 (0,71-1,23) | 2 (28,6) | 0,96 (0,74-1,27) | ||
|
| |||||||
| L-2 dias/semana | 23 (52,3) | 15 (65,2) | 0,028 | 1 | 7 (30,4) | 0,591 | 1 |
| ≥3 dias/semana | 21 (47,7) | 7 (33,3) | 0,81 (0,66-0,97) | 8 (38,1) | 1,05 (0,86-1,31) | ||
|
| |||||||
| Sim | 25 (49.0) | 11 (44.0) | 0,325 | 1 | 10 (40.0) | 0,317 | 1 |
| Não | 26 (51.0) | 15 (57,7) | 1,09 (0,91-1,31) | 7 (26,9) | 0.90 (0,74-1,09) | ||
|
| |||||||
| 0-3h/dia | 31 (59,6) | 14 (45,2) | 0,539 | 1 | 9 (29,0) | 0,277 | 1 |
| 4-7h/dia | 11 (21,2) | 7 (63,4) | 1,12 (0,91-1,39) | 6 (54,5) | 1,19 (0,95-1,51) | ||
| ≥8h/dia | 10 (19,2) | 5 (50,0) | 1,03 (0,81-1,33) | 3 (30,0) | 1,00 (0,78-1,29) | ||
|
| |||||||
| 0-3h/dia | 30 (69,8) | 13 (43,3) | 0,021 | 1 | 11 (36,7) | 0,911 | 1 |
| 4h/dia | 13 (30,2) | 10 (76,9) | 1,23 (1,03-1,47) | 5 (38,5) | 1,01 (0,81-1,27) | ||
|
| |||||||
| 07h | 18 (36) | 7 (38,9) | 0,008 | 1 | 5 (27,8) | 0,446 | 1 |
| 8-9h | 19 (38) | 6 (31,6) | 0,94 (0,75-1,18) | 5 (26,3) | 0,98 (0,78-1,23) | ||
| ≥10h | 13 (26) | 10 (76,9) | 1,27 (1,03-1,56) | 6 (46,2) | 1,14 (0,89-1,46) | ||
| Decúbito | |||||||
| Lateral | 33 (58,9) | 16 (48,5) | 1 | 8 (24,2) | 1 | ||
| Dorsal | 6 (10,7) | 2 (33,3) | 0,151 | 0,89 (0,66-1,21) | 2 (33,3) | 0,112 | 1,07 (0,79-1,45) |
| Ventral | 17 (30,4) | 16 (70,6) | 1,14 (0,97-1,36) | 9 (52,9) | 1,23 (1,00-1,49) | ||
|
| |||||||
| Não | 20 (62,5) | 9 (45,0) | 0,582 | 1 | 4 (20) | 0,109 | 1 |
| Sim | 12 (37,5) | 20 (52,6) | 1,05 (0,87-1,26) | 15 (39,5) | 1,16 (0,96-1,39) | ||
|
| |||||||
| Adequada | 7 (12,1) | 1 (14,3) | 0,014 | 1 | 2 (28,6) | 0,879 | 1 |
| Inadequada | 51 (87,9) | 28 (54,9) | 1,35 (1,06-1,72) | 16 (31,4) | 1,02 (0,77-1,34) | ||
|
| |||||||
| Adequada | 9 (15,8) | 1 (11,1) | 0,001 | 1 | 2 (22,2) | 0,484 | 1 |
| Inadequada | 48 (84,2) | 27 (56,2) | 1,41 (1,14-1,72) | 16 (33,3) | 1,09 (0,85-1,39) | ||
|
| |||||||
| Adequada | 7 (12,7) | 2 (28,6) | 0,234 | 1 | 4 (57,1) | 0,130 | 1 |
| Inadequada | 48 (87,3) | 25 (52,1) | 1,18 (0,89-1,55) | 14 (29,2) | 0,82 (0,63-1,05) | ||
|
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| Adequada | 8 (14,0) | 4 (50,0) | 0,957 | 1 | 2 (25,0) | 0,654 | 1 |
| Inadequada | 49 (86,0) | 24 (49,0) | 0,99 (0,77-1,27) | 16 (32,7) | 1,06 (0,81-1,37) | ||
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| Mochila | 50 (84,7) | 23 (46,0) | 0,032 | 1 | 17 (34,0) | 0,458 | 1 |
| Outro | 9 (15,3) | 7 (77,8) | 1,21 (1,01-1,45) | 2 (22,2) | 0,91 (0,71-1,16) | ||
|
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| Adequado | 40 (80,0) | 19 (47,5) | 0,671 | 1 | 11 (27,5) | 0,042 | 1 |
| Inadequado | 10 (20,0) | 4 (40,0) | 0,94 (0,74-1,20) | 6 (60,0) | 1,25 (1,01-1,56) | ||
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| Não | 14 (26,9) | 5 (35,7) | 0,212 | 1 | 4 (28,6) | 0,696 | 1 |
| Sim | 38 (73,1) | 21 (55,3) | 1,14 (0,92-1,41) | 13 (34,2) | 1,04 (0,84-1,29) | ||
Razões de prevalência (RP) para a variável dependente alteração postural no plano frontal (escoliose), segundo as variáveis independentes demográficas e comportamentais
| Total | Com escoliose | p valor | RP | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
|
| ||||
| Masculino | 33 (55,9) | 12 (36,4) | 0,058 | 1 |
| Feminino | 26 (44,1) | 16 (61,5) | 1,69 (0,98-2,91) | |
|
| ||||
| 7-10 anos | 10 (16,9) | 5 (50,0) | 0,978 | 1 |
| 11-14 anos | 38 (64,4) | 18 (47,4) | 0,94 (0,46-1,91) | |
| 15-18 anos | 11 (18,6) | 5 (45,5) | 0,91 (0,37-2,22) | |
|
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| Sim | 52 (88,1) | 23 (44,2) | 0,093 | 1 |
| Não | 7 (11,9) | 5 (71,4) | 1,61 (0,92-2,82) | |
|
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| 1-2 dias/semana | 23 (52,3) | 12 (52,2) | 0,541 | 1 |
| 3 ou mais dias/semana | 21 (47,7) | 9 (42,9) | 0,82 (0,43-1,54) | |
|
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| Sim | 25 (49) | 7 (28) | 0,046* | 1 |
| Não | 26 (51) | 15 (57,7) | 2,06 (1,01-4,18) | |
|
| ||||
| 0-3h/dia | 31 (59,6) | 14 (45,2) | 0,852 | 1 |
| 4-7h/dia | 11 (21,2) | 6 (54,5) | 1,20 (0,62-2,34) | |
| ≥8h/dia | 10 (19,2) | 5 (50) | 1,10 (0,53-2,3) | |
|
| ||||
| 0-3h/dia | 30 (69,8) | 15 (50) | 0,507 | 1 |
| ≥4h/dia | 13 (30,2) | 5 (38,5) | 0,76 (0,35-1,67) | |
|
| ||||
| 0-7h/dia | 18 (36,0) | 5 (27,8) | 0,004* | 1 |
| 8-9h/dia | 19 (38,0) | 9 (47,4) | 1,71 (0,71-4,12) | |
| ≥10h/dia | 13 (26,0) | 11 (84,6) | 3,04 (1.39-6,64) | |
| Decúbito | ||||
| Lateral | 33(58,9) | 12 (36,4) | 1 | |
| Dorsal | 6(10,7) | 5(83,3) | 0,019* | 2,29(1,28-4,07) |
| Ventral | 17(30,4) | 10(58,8) | 1,61(0,88-2,95) | |
|
| ||||
| Não | 20 (34,5) | 7 (35,0) | 0,232 | 1 |
| Sim | 38 (65,5) | 20 (52,6) | 1,50 (0,77-2,93) | |
|
| ||||
| Adequada | 7 (12,1) | 1 (14,3) | 0,161 | 1 |
| Inadequada | 51 (87,9) | 27 (52,9) | 3,71 (0,59-23,1) | |
|
| ||||
| Adequada | 9 (15,8) | 4 (44,4) | 0,768 | 1 |
| Inadequada | 48 (84,2) | 24 (50,0) | 1,12 (0,51-2,36) | |
|
| ||||
| Adequada | 7 (12,7) | 3 (42,9) | 0,737 | 1 |
| Inadequada | 48 (87,3) | 24 (50,0) | 1,16 (0,47-2,87) | |
|
| ||||
| Adequada | 8 (14,0) | 4 (50,0) | 0,957 | 1 |
| Inadequada | 49 (86,0) | 24 (49,0) | 0,98 (0,46-2,07) | |
|
| ||||
| Mochila de duas alças | 50 (84,7) | 23 (46,0) | 0,573 | 1 |
| Outro (pasta, bolsa e outros) | 9 (15,3) | 5 (55,6) | 1,20 (0,62-2,33) | |
|
| ||||
| Adequado | 40 (80,0) | 17 (42,5) | 0,277 | 1 |
| Inadequado | 10 (20,0) | 6 (60,0) | 1,41 (0,75-2,62) | |
|
| ||||
| Não | 14 (26,9) | 5 (35,7) | 0,477 | 1 |
| Sim | 38 (73,1) | 18 (47,4) | 1,32 (0,60-2,88) | |
Figura 1Porcentagens das posturas adotadas ao sentar, segundo o questionário BackPEI de Noll et al.12 (Imagem autorizada).