Protection of melanoma cells against superoxide radicals by melanins.

Human melanoma cells transplanted into immunocompetent mice by the 6-day subrenal capsule technique are characterized by high resistance against immunological attack. This resistance is suggested to be the consequence of scavenging of superoxide free radicals by melanin. Scavenging of superoxide radicals by the melanoma cells was clearly demonstrated using electron spin resonance techniques. From comparison with synthetic melanins it is concluded that the scavenger effect can be attributed mainly to low-molecular-mass melanins synthesized in the melanoma cells whereas high-molecular-mass melanins are practically ineffective.