Dorothée Obach1, Yazdan Yazdanpanah1,2, Gamal Esmat3, Anchalee Avihingsanon4,5, Sahar Dewedar6, Nicolas Durier7, Alain Attia8,9, Wagida A Anwar6, Anthony Cousien1, Pisit Tangkijvanich10, Serge Paul Eholié11,12,13, Wahid Doss14, Aya Mostafa6, Arnaud Fontanet15,16, Mostafa K Mohamed6, Sylvie Deuffic-Burban1,17. 1. Inserm UMR 1137, IAME, F-75018 Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. 2. Service de maladies Infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Paris, France. 3. Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. 4. HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration (HIV-NAT), Bangkok, Thailand. 5. Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. 6. Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. 7. TREAT Asia, amfAR-The Foundation for AIDS Research, Bangkok, Thailand. 8. UFR des Sciences Médicales, Université Félix Houphouet Boigny de Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. 9. Service de Médecine et d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, CHU de Yopougon, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. 10. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. 11. Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Treichville, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. 12. Département de Dermatologie-Infectiologie, Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences Médicales, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. 13. Programme PAC-CI, ANRS, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. 14. National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt. 15. Institut Pasteur, Emerging Disease Epidemiology Unit, Paris, France. 16. Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Chaire Santé et Développement, Paris, France. 17. Inserm U995, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: In resource-constrained countries where the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) disease is usually high, it is important to know which population should be treated first in order to increase treatment effectiveness. The aim was to estimate the effectiveness of different HCV treatment eligibility scenarios in three different countries. Using a Markov model, we estimated the number of life-years saved (LYS) with different treatment eligibility scenarios according to fibrosis stage (F1-F4 or F3-4), compared to base case (F2-F4), at a constant treatment rate, of patients between 18 and 60 years of age, at stages F0/F1 to F4, without liver complications or coinfections, chronically infected by HCV, and treated with pegylated interferon (IFN)/ribavirin or more-efficacious therapies (i.e. IFN free). We conducted the analysis in Egypt (prevalence = 14.7%; 45,000 patients treated/year), Thailand (prevalence = 2.2%; 1,000 patients treated/year), and Côte d'Ivoire (prevalence = 3%; 150 patients treated/year). In Egypt, treating F1 patients in addition to ≥F2 patients (SE1 vs. SE0) decreased LYS by 3.9%. Focusing treatment only on F3-F4 patients increased LYS by 6.7% (SE2 vs. SE0). In Thailand and Côte d'Ivoire, focusing treatment only on F3-F4 patients increased LYS by 15.3% and 11.0%, respectively, compared to treating patients ≥F2 (ST0 and SC0, respectively). Treatment only for patients at stages F3-F4 with IFN-free therapies would increase LYS by 16.7% versus SE0 in Egypt, 22.0% versus ST0 in Thailand, and 13.1% versus SC0 in Côte d'Ivoire. In this study, we did not take into account the yearly new infections and the impact of treatment on HCV transmission. CONCLUSION: Our model-based analysis demonstrates that prioritizing treatment in F3-F4 patients in resource-constrained countries is the most effective scenario in terms of LYS, regardless of treatment considered.
UNLABELLED: In resource-constrained countries where the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) disease is usually high, it is important to know which population should be treated first in order to increase treatment effectiveness. The aim was to estimate the effectiveness of different HCV treatment eligibility scenarios in three different countries. Using a Markov model, we estimated the number of life-years saved (LYS) with different treatment eligibility scenarios according to fibrosis stage (F1-F4 or F3-4), compared to base case (F2-F4), at a constant treatment rate, of patients between 18 and 60 years of age, at stages F0/F1 to F4, without liver complications or coinfections, chronically infected by HCV, and treated with pegylated interferon (IFN)/ribavirin or more-efficacious therapies (i.e. IFN free). We conducted the analysis in Egypt (prevalence = 14.7%; 45,000 patients treated/year), Thailand (prevalence = 2.2%; 1,000 patients treated/year), and Côte d'Ivoire (prevalence = 3%; 150 patients treated/year). In Egypt, treating F1 patients in addition to ≥F2 patients (SE1 vs. SE0) decreased LYS by 3.9%. Focusing treatment only on F3-F4 patients increased LYS by 6.7% (SE2 vs. SE0). In Thailand and Côte d'Ivoire, focusing treatment only on F3-F4 patients increased LYS by 15.3% and 11.0%, respectively, compared to treating patients ≥F2 (ST0 and SC0, respectively). Treatment only for patients at stages F3-F4 with IFN-free therapies would increase LYS by 16.7% versus SE0 in Egypt, 22.0% versus ST0 in Thailand, and 13.1% versus SC0 in Côte d'Ivoire. In this study, we did not take into account the yearly new infections and the impact of treatment on HCV transmission. CONCLUSION: Our model-based analysis demonstrates that prioritizing treatment in F3-F4 patients in resource-constrained countries is the most effective scenario in terms of LYS, regardless of treatment considered.
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