Stella-Maria Paddick1, Aloyce Kisoli2, Maria Samuel3, Janice Higginson4, William K Gray3, Catherine L Dotchin5, Anna R Longdon6, Andrew Teodorczuk7, Paul Chaote2, Richard W Walker8. 1. Northumbria Healthcare National Health Service Foundation Trust, Department of Medicine, North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, United Kingdom; Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. Electronic address: stellamaria@doctors.org.uk. 2. Hai District Hospital, Boma'ngombe, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. 3. Northumbria Healthcare National Health Service Foundation Trust, Department of Medicine, North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, United Kingdom. 4. Health Education North East, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. 5. Northumbria Healthcare National Health Service Foundation Trust, Department of Medicine, North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, United Kingdom; Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. 6. South Devon National Health Service Foundation Trust, Department of Medicine, Torbay Hospital, Torquay, United Kingdom. 7. Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Northumberland, Tyne and Wear National Health Service Foundation Trust, St Nicholas Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. 8. Northumbria Healthcare National Health Service Foundation Trust, Department of Medicine, North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, United Kingdom; Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is recognized as a high-risk condition for conversion to dementia, although data on outcomes of MCI in sub-Saharan Africa are scarce. We investigated outcomes of MCI over a 4-year period in Tanzania and considered risk factors for conversion to dementia. METHODS: In a longitudinal cohort study in the Hai district, Tanzania, patients with MCI were identified during a two-phase prevalence study carried out in 2010. Of 1,198 people aged 70 years and over screened in phase I, a stratified sample of 296 were fully assessed in phase II. MCI was defined according to international consensus criteria. DSM-IV criteria were used for dementia diagnosis. Background demographic and risk factor data were collected, and neuropsychiatric symptoms were assessed using the neuropsychiatric inventory. Patients were followed-up in 2011, 2012 and 2014. RESULTS: Forty-six MCI patients were identified. After adjusting for stratification, the crude prevalence of MCI was 7.0% (95% CI: 3.6-10.4). Over a 4-year period, 15 patients (32.6%) progressed to dementia, 2 patients (4.3%) returned to normal cognition, 1 developed late-onset schizophrenia, 8 patients (17.4%) had stable MCI, 19 patients (41.3%) died, and 1 refused assessment. Age, sex, education levels, body mass index, hypertension, and comorbidity were not associated with progression to dementia. CONCLUSION: In this rural Tanzanian population, rates of conversion from MCI to DSM-IV dementia were similar to those reported in high-income countries. Over a third of all patients had died at the 4-year follow-up.
OBJECTIVE: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is recognized as a high-risk condition for conversion to dementia, although data on outcomes of MCI in sub-Saharan Africa are scarce. We investigated outcomes of MCI over a 4-year period in Tanzania and considered risk factors for conversion to dementia. METHODS: In a longitudinal cohort study in the Hai district, Tanzania, patients with MCI were identified during a two-phase prevalence study carried out in 2010. Of 1,198 people aged 70 years and over screened in phase I, a stratified sample of 296 were fully assessed in phase II. MCI was defined according to international consensus criteria. DSM-IV criteria were used for dementia diagnosis. Background demographic and risk factor data were collected, and neuropsychiatric symptoms were assessed using the neuropsychiatric inventory. Patients were followed-up in 2011, 2012 and 2014. RESULTS: Forty-six MCI patients were identified. After adjusting for stratification, the crude prevalence of MCI was 7.0% (95% CI: 3.6-10.4). Over a 4-year period, 15 patients (32.6%) progressed to dementia, 2 patients (4.3%) returned to normal cognition, 1 developed late-onset schizophrenia, 8 patients (17.4%) had stable MCI, 19 patients (41.3%) died, and 1 refused assessment. Age, sex, education levels, body mass index, hypertension, and comorbidity were not associated with progression to dementia. CONCLUSION: In this rural Tanzanian population, rates of conversion from MCI to DSM-IV dementia were similar to those reported in high-income countries. Over a third of all patients had died at the 4-year follow-up.
Authors: Eyal Y Kimchi; Tammy T Hshieh; Ray Guo; Bonnie Wong; Margaret O'Connor; Edward R Marcantonio; Eran D Metzger; Jason Strauss; Steven E Arnold; Sharon K Inouye; Tamara G Fong Journal: J Am Med Dir Assoc Date: 2017-09-18 Impact factor: 4.669
Authors: Lindsay C Kobayashi; Meagan T Farrell; Kenneth M Langa; Nomsa Mahlalela; Ryan G Wagner; Lisa F Berkman Journal: Neuroepidemiology Date: 2021-03-03 Impact factor: 3.282
Authors: José Wagner Leonel Tavares-Júnior; Ana Célia Caetano de Souza; Gilberto Sousa Alves; Janine de Carvalho Bonfadini; José Ibiapina Siqueira-Neto; Pedro Braga-Neto Journal: Front Psychiatry Date: 2019-12-13 Impact factor: 4.157
Authors: Andrea M McGrattan; Eduwin Pakpahan; Mario Siervo; Devi Mohan; Daniel D Reidpath; Matthew Prina; Pascale Allotey; Yueping Zhu; Chen Shulin; Jennifer Yates; Stella-Maria Paddick; Louise Robinson; Blossom C M Stephan Journal: Alzheimers Dement (N Y) Date: 2022-03-13