Nicolás Mendoza1, Ma Dolores Juliá2, Daniela Galliano3, Pluvio Coronado4, Begoña Díaz5, Juan Fontes6, José Luis Gallo6, Ana García7, Misericordia Guinot8, Merixtell Munnamy9, Beatriz Roca10, Manuel Sosa11, Jordi Tomás12, Plácido Llaneza13, Rafael Sánchez-Borrego14. 1. University of Granada, Obstetric and Gynecologic, Granada, Spain. Electronic address: nicomendoza@telefonica.net. 2. Hospital Universitario la Fe de Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: ljulia@ono.com. 3. Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (IVI), Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: daniela_galliano@yahoo.it. 4. University of Madrid (Complutense), Obstetric and Gynecologic, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: pcoronadom@sego.es. 5. Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Spain. Electronic address: bego_delanoval@hotmail.com. 6. Hospital Virgen de las Nieves de Granada, Spain. 7. Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Spain. Electronic address: anagarcialloret@yahoo.es. 8. Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: mguinot@santpau.cat. 9. Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: meritxell@munmany.com. 10. Hospital Universitari Mutua Terrassa, Spain. Electronic address: brocacomella@gmail.com. 11. Hospital Materno-Infantil de Canarias, Spain. Electronic address: manuelsosamarrero@gmail.com. 12. Hospital Universitari Mutua Terrassa, Spain. Electronic address: jtomassaguer@gmail.com. 13. University of Oviedo, Obstetric and Gynecologic, Hospital Central de Asturias, Spain. Electronic address: pllanezac@hotmail.com. 14. Clínica Diatros, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: rschez.borrego@diatros.com.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: While we recognise that the term premature menopause is more accepted by most non-specialist health care providers and by the general population, 'primary ovarian insufficiency' (POI) is currently considered the most apposite term to explain the loss of ovarian function, because it better explains the variability of the clinical picture, does not specify definitive failure, and highlights the specific ovarian source. Its pathogenesis involves a congenital reduction in the number of primordial follicles, poor follicle recruitment, or accelerated follicular apoptosis. However, its cause is unknown in most cases. AIM: This guide analyses the factors associated with the diagnosis and treatment of POI and provides recommendations on the most appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic measures for women under 40 years of age who experience POI. METHODOLOGY: A panel of experts from various Spanish scientific societies related to POI (Spanish Menopause Society, Spanish Fertility Society, and Spanish Contraception Society) met to reach a consensus on these issues. RESULTS: Hormonal therapy (HT) is considered the treatment of choice to alleviate the symptoms of hypoestrogenism and to prevent long-term consequences. We suggest that HT should be continued until at least age 51, the average age at natural menopause. The best treatment to achieve pregnancy is oocyte/embryo donation. If a patient is to undergo treatment that will reduce her fertility, she should be informed of this issue and the available techniques to preserve ovarian function, mainly vitrification of oocytes.
INTRODUCTION: While we recognise that the term premature menopause is more accepted by most non-specialist health care providers and by the general population, 'primary ovarian insufficiency' (POI) is currently considered the most apposite term to explain the loss of ovarian function, because it better explains the variability of the clinical picture, does not specify definitive failure, and highlights the specific ovarian source. Its pathogenesis involves a congenital reduction in the number of primordial follicles, poor follicle recruitment, or accelerated follicular apoptosis. However, its cause is unknown in most cases. AIM: This guide analyses the factors associated with the diagnosis and treatment of POI and provides recommendations on the most appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic measures for women under 40 years of age who experience POI. METHODOLOGY: A panel of experts from various Spanish scientific societies related to POI (Spanish Menopause Society, Spanish Fertility Society, and Spanish Contraception Society) met to reach a consensus on these issues. RESULTS: Hormonal therapy (HT) is considered the treatment of choice to alleviate the symptoms of hypoestrogenism and to prevent long-term consequences. We suggest that HT should be continued until at least age 51, the average age at natural menopause. The best treatment to achieve pregnancy is oocyte/embryo donation. If a patient is to undergo treatment that will reduce her fertility, she should be informed of this issue and the available techniques to preserve ovarian function, mainly vitrification of oocytes.
Authors: A Podfigurna-Stopa; A Czyzyk; M Grymowicz; R Smolarczyk; K Katulski; K Czajkowski; B Meczekalski Journal: J Endocrinol Invest Date: 2016-04-18 Impact factor: 4.256