Jennifer Dahne1, Leanne Hise2, Misha Brenner2, C W Lejuez2, Laura MacPherson3. 1. Center for Addictions, Personality and Emotion Research, University of Maryland, College Park, 2103 Cole Student Activities Building, College Park, MD 20742, United States. Electronic address: jdahne@umd.edu. 2. Center for Addictions, Personality and Emotion Research, University of Maryland, College Park, 2103 Cole Student Activities Building, College Park, MD 20742, United States. 3. Center for Addictions, Personality and Emotion Research, University of Maryland, College Park, 2103 Cole Student Activities Building, College Park, MD 20742, United States. Electronic address: lmacpher@umd.edu.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Individuals with social phobia (SP) represent a large group with elevated rates of cigarette smoking and cessation rates lower than that of individuals without psychopathology. For individuals with SP, cigarette smoking may be used to reduce social anxiety in anticipation of and during social situations. However, no study to date has experimentally examined this association. The aim of the current study was to experimentally examine the relationship between cigarette smoking and SP as a function of induced social stress. METHOD: We recruited daily smokers ages 18-21 who scored in either a clinical or normative range on the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS). Participants included 54 smokers (42.6% female, 77.8% White, age M(SD)=19.65(1.18), CPSD M(SD)=7.67(4.36), 46.30% high SP) who attended two sessions: one social stress session and one neutral session. RESULTS: Results indicated that high SP smokers experienced significant decreases in negative affect (NA) following smoking a cigarette when experiencing social stress. This effect was specific to high SP smokers under social stress and was not observed among individuals' average in SP or when examining changes in positive affect. CONCLUSIONS: For individuals with SP, cigarette smoking may be maintained due to changes in NA associated with smoking specifically in the context of social stress. These results speak to the importance of targeted cessation interventions that address the nature of smoking for individuals with SP.
INTRODUCTION: Individuals with social phobia (SP) represent a large group with elevated rates of cigarette smoking and cessation rates lower than that of individuals without psychopathology. For individuals with SP, cigarette smoking may be used to reduce social anxiety in anticipation of and during social situations. However, no study to date has experimentally examined this association. The aim of the current study was to experimentally examine the relationship between cigarette smoking and SP as a function of induced social stress. METHOD: We recruited daily smokers ages 18-21 who scored in either a clinical or normative range on the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS). Participants included 54 smokers (42.6% female, 77.8% White, age M(SD)=19.65(1.18), CPSD M(SD)=7.67(4.36), 46.30% high SP) who attended two sessions: one social stress session and one neutral session. RESULTS: Results indicated that high SP smokers experienced significant decreases in negative affect (NA) following smoking a cigarette when experiencing social stress. This effect was specific to high SP smokers under social stress and was not observed among individuals' average in SP or when examining changes in positive affect. CONCLUSIONS: For individuals with SP, cigarette smoking may be maintained due to changes in NA associated with smoking specifically in the context of social stress. These results speak to the importance of targeted cessation interventions that address the nature of smoking for individuals with SP.
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Authors: Elizabeth K Reynolds; Whitney M Schreiber; Kathy Geisel; Laura MacPherson; Monique Ernst; C W Lejuez Journal: J Anxiety Disord Date: 2013-03-20