Accurate classification of schizophrenia patients based on novel resting-state fMRI features.

There is a growing interest in automatic classification of mental disorders such as schizophrenia based on neuroimaging data. Most previous studies considered structural MRI, diffusion tensor imaging and task-based fMRI for this purpose. However, resting-state fMRI data has not been used much to evaluate discrimination of schizophrenia patients from healthy controls. Resting data are of great interest, since they are relatively easy to collect, and not confounded by behavioral performance on a task. In this study, we extract two types of features from resting-state fMRI data: functional network connectivity features that capture internetwork connectivity patterns and autoconnectivity features capturing temporal connectivity of each brain network. Autoconnectivity is a novel concept we have recently proposed. We used minimum redundancy maximum relevancy to select features. Classification results using support vector machine shows that combining these two types of features can improve the classification on a large resting fMRI dataset consisting of 195 patients with schizophrenia and 175 healthy controls. We achieved the accuracy of 85% which is very promising.