Isaac Mawusi Adanyeguh1, Daisy Rinaldi1, Pierre-Gilles Henry1, Samantha Caillet1, Romain Valabregue1, Alexandra Durr1, Fanny Mochel2. 1. From Inserm U 1127 (I.M.A., D.R., R.V., A.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (P.-G.H.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Dietetics (S.C.) and Genetics (A.D., F.M.), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris; and Center for NeuroImaging Research (R.V.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France. 2. From Inserm U 1127 (I.M.A., D.R., R.V., A.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (P.-G.H.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Dietetics (S.C.) and Genetics (A.D., F.M.), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris; and Center for NeuroImaging Research (R.V.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France. fanny.mochel@upmc.fr.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Based on our previous work in Huntington disease (HD) showing improved energy metabolism in muscle by providing substrates to the Krebs cycle, we wished to obtain a proof-of-concept of the therapeutic benefit of triheptanoin using a functional biomarker of brain energy metabolism validated in HD. METHODS: We performed an open-label study using (31)P brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to measure the levels of phosphocreatine (PCr) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) before (rest), during (activation), and after (recovery) a visual stimulus. We performed (31)P brain MRS in 10 patients at an early stage of HD and 13 controls. Patients with HD were then treated for 1 month with triheptanoin after which they returned for follow-up including (31)P brain MRS scan. RESULTS: At baseline, we confirmed an increase in Pi/PCr ratio during brain activation in controls-reflecting increased adenosine triphosphate synthesis-followed by a return to baseline levels during recovery (p = 0.013). In patients with HD, we validated the existence of an abnormal brain energy profile as previously reported. After 1 month, this profile remained abnormal in patients with HD who did not receive treatment. Conversely, the MRS profile was improved in patients with HD treated with triheptanoin for 1 month with the restoration of an increased Pi/PCr ratio during visual stimulation (p = 0.005). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that triheptanoin is able to correct the bioenergetic profile in the brain of patients with HD at an early stage of the disease. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class III evidence that, for patients with HD, treatment with triheptanoin for 1 month restores an increased MRS Pi/PCr ratio during visual stimulation.
OBJECTIVE: Based on our previous work in Huntington disease (HD) showing improved energy metabolism in muscle by providing substrates to the Krebs cycle, we wished to obtain a proof-of-concept of the therapeutic benefit of triheptanoin using a functional biomarker of brain energy metabolism validated in HD. METHODS: We performed an open-label study using (31)P brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to measure the levels of phosphocreatine (PCr) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) before (rest), during (activation), and after (recovery) a visual stimulus. We performed (31)P brain MRS in 10 patients at an early stage of HD and 13 controls. Patients with HD were then treated for 1 month with triheptanoin after which they returned for follow-up including (31)P brain MRS scan. RESULTS: At baseline, we confirmed an increase in Pi/PCr ratio during brain activation in controls-reflecting increased adenosine triphosphate synthesis-followed by a return to baseline levels during recovery (p = 0.013). In patients with HD, we validated the existence of an abnormal brain energy profile as previously reported. After 1 month, this profile remained abnormal in patients with HD who did not receive treatment. Conversely, the MRS profile was improved in patients with HD treated with triheptanoin for 1 month with the restoration of an increased Pi/PCr ratio during visual stimulation (p = 0.005). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that triheptanoin is able to correct the bioenergetic profile in the brain of patients with HD at an early stage of the disease. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class III evidence that, for patients with HD, treatment with triheptanoin for 1 month restores an increased MRS Pi/PCr ratio during visual stimulation.
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